Kapljične zarazne bolesti djece školske dobi

Kapljične zarazne bolesti su danas puno rjeđe nego nekada, a to se najviše može zahvaliti sustavnoj imunizaciji od rođenja djeteta. U današnje vrijeme, mnogi roditelji imaju negativan pogled na cijepljenje, iako je ono vrlo učinkovito pri zaštiti djece. Cijepljenjem, organizam stvara antitijela koja brane organizam od zaraznih bolesti i to na način da se bore protiv bakterija, virusa, gljiva, parazita i ostalih uzročnika bolesti. Kapljične zarazne bolesti se šire kihanjem, kašljanjem (kapljično), zrakom te kontaktom sa zaraženim predmetima. Najčešće kapljične zarazne bolesti kod djece školske dobi su: šarlah, hripavac, vodene kozice, ospice, zaušnjaci, infekciozna mononukleoza, gripa, pneumonija, streptokokna angina i druge. Većina ovih bolesti počinje s istim općim simptomima bolesti: glabovolja, povišena temperatura, malaksalost, kihanje, kašljanje, grlobolja. No, svaka od ovih bolesti ima i svoje karakteristične simptome kao što je "malinasti jezik" za šarlah ili "magareći kašalj" za hripavac. Za roditelje, učitelje i nastavnike djece, vrlo je važno znati prepoznati simptome pojedine bolesti, kako bi se djeci moglo pravovremeno pomoći s liječenjem bolesti, spriječiti nastavak komplikacija te spriječiti širenje zaraze. Također je važno djecu od najranije dobi učiti usvajati higijenske navike učestalog pranja ruku, zubi i tijela te nošenje čiste i uredne obuće i odjeće. Upravo je higijena jedan od načina spriječavanja širenja zaraznih bolesti.Drip infectious diseases are much less frequent than before, and this is mostly due to systematic immunization since the birth of a child. Nowadays, many parents have a negative point of view on vaccination, although it is very effective in child protection. By being vaccinated, the organism creates antibodies that protect the organism from infectious diseases by fighting bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, and other pathogens. Drip infectious diseases are spread by sneezing, coughing (droplets), air and contact with the infected objects. The most common types of infectious diseases in children of school age are: scarlet fever, pertussis, chickenpox, measles, mumps, infectious mononucleosis, flu, pneumonia, streptococcal angina and others. Most of these diseases begin with the same general symptoms of the disease: headache, fever, fatigue, sneezing, coughing, sore throat. However, each of these diseases has its own characteristic symptoms such as " raspberry tongue" for scarlet fever or "whooping cough" for pertussis. For parents, teachers and professors of children, it is very important to know how to recognize the symptoms of an individual disease. If important symptoms are identified in a timely manner, we can help the children in treating the disease, prevent the complications and prevent the spread of infection. Also, it is very important that children from the earliest days learns to adopt hygienic habits by washing their hands, teeth and bodies frequently and wearing clean and neat shoes and clothes. Hygiene is one of the ways to prevent the spread of infectious diseases