Influence of polyploidy level on zinc grain accumulation in Triticum species

Pšenica, riţa i kukuruz imaju glavnu ulogu u ishrani stanovništva. TakoĎer, od svih ţitarica, navedene kulture zauzimaju najveće površine na svjetskim oranicama. Jedno od svojstava kvalitete zrna ţitarica je koncentracija mikronutrijenata u zrnu. Vaţan esencijalni mikronutrijent je cink (Zn). Pretpostavlja se da nedostatak cinka zahvaća 17,3% stanovništva. Nedostatak ovog esencijalnog mikronutrijenta izaziva niz bolesti biljaka (formiranje klorofila, kloroza tkiva, skraćivanje internodija i kvaliteta ploda) i čovjeka (koţne i respiratorne bolesti). Način povećanja koncentracija mikronutrijenata u zrnu naziva se biofortifikacija. Biofortifikacija dijeli se na agronomsku i genetsku biofortifikaciju. Cilj ovoga istraţivanja bio je utvrĎivanje utjecaja razine poliploidiije na akumulaciju cinka u zrno pšenice. Istraţivanje je provedeno na 20 kultivara pšenice. Mjerenje koncentracije vršilo se na ureĎaju ICP-OES. Prosječna koncentracija čitavog uzorka iznosila je 26,62 mg kg-1 ± 6,9. S obzirom da se ispitivao utjecaj razine poliploidije na koncentraciju cinka u zrnu pšenice čitav uzorak je podijeljen u skupine prema razini poliploidije. Kod skupine heksaploidinih pšenica prosječna koncentracija Zn iznosila je 25,08 mg kg-1 ± 5,90, a za skupinu tetraploidinih pšenica prosječna koncentracija Zn iznosi 28,92 mg kg-1 ± 8,02. Veza izmeĎu koncentracije cinka u zrnu pšenice i razine poliploidije ispitivana je Spearmanovim (rs) koeficijentom korelacije, pri čemu izmeĎu ispitivanih svojstava nije utvrĎena statistički značajna veza rs= 0,367Wheat, rice and maize have a major role in feeding the population. Also, of all the grains, and culture occupy the largest area in the world's arable land. One of the quality of cereal grains is the concentration of micronutrients in the grain. An important essential micronutrient zinc (Zn). It is assumed that zinc deficiency affects 17.3% of the population. The lack of essential micronutrients causes a number of diseases of plants (chlorophyll formation, chlorosis tissue, shortening of internodes and fruit quality) and human (skin and respiratory diseases). The method of increasing the concentration of micronutrients in the grain is called biofortification. Biofortification is divided into agronomic and genetic biofortifikaciju. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the level poliploidiije the accumulation of zinc in wheat grain. The study was conducted on 20 wheat cultivars. Concentration measurement was done on the device ICP-OES. The average concentration of the entire sample was 26.62 mg kg-1 ± 6.9. With regard to examining the impact of polyploidy levels in the zinc concentration in the whole wheat grain sample was divided into groups according to the level of polyploidy. In group heksaploidinih wheat average concentration was 25.08 mg kg-1 ± 5.90, and for group tetraploidinih wheat average concentration was 28.92 mg kg-1 ± 8.02. To examine the relationship between concentration of zinc in wheat grain and levels of polyploidy was investigated by Spearman (rs) correlation coefficient, and has been found that among the traits studied no significant relationship rs = 0.367 (p = 0.11; n = 20)