DISEASES, PESTS AND WEEDS ON THREE VINEYARDS IN HERZEGOVINA

Cilj rada je bio uvrditi razlike između tri ispitivana vinograda u Hercegovini, Zeljuša, Žitomislići, Tepčić, te uvrditi bolesti, štetnike i korove koji su u njima zastupljeni te navesti koja su se zaštitna sredstva koristila protiv bolesti, štetnika i korova tjekom 2014. U ispitivanim vinogradima od bolesti su najviše bile zastupljene: pepelnica, plamenjača i siva plijesan, koje su pravile najveću štetu. Pored njih, pojavljivale su se i druge bolesti u manjem intenzitetu kao što su: crna pjegavost, eskorioza, crvena palež vinove loze. Štetnici koji su se pojavljivali su: cigaraš, crveni voćni pauk, grozdov moljac, lozin cvrčak, skakavci. Od korova najznačajniji su bili: pirika, loboda, osjak, štir. Napad štetnika i korova nije bio toliko intenzivan koliko napad navedenih bolesti jer je 2014. godina bila prilično nepovljna za vinovu lozu. Dok je prosječna količina padalina od 750-800 mm, 2014. je samo u 5. mjesecu palo preko 2000 mm što je bilo jako loše za vinograde i zahtjevalo je veću primjenu zaštitnih sredstava nego je predviđeno. S obzirom na uvjete koji su ove godine bili prisutni 2014. godina će ostati zapamćena kao jako loša po vinogradare jer su neki izgubili čak i 30% do 50% uroda, što će se jako odrazit na daljnju proizvodnjuThe aim of this research was to determine differences between three vineyards in Hercegovina Zeljuša, Žitomislići, Tepčić and presence of diseases, pests and weeds and plant protection methods used against diseases, pests and weeds during 2014. In investigated vineyards the following diseases were present in the highest concentration: powdery mildew, downy mildew and grey mould. Other diseases were also present, but with less intensity: black spot, esca, rot brenner. The following pests were present in the vineyaed: leaf roller, European red mite, grape leafhoppers. Most important weeds found in the vineards were: couch grass, common lambsquarters, a, Canadian thistle, red rooth amaranth. Pests and weed attack was not so significant compared to disease attack because 2014. was unfavourable for vine grapes. Average amount of precipitation for that area is 750-800 mm, and in 2014 only May had over 2000 mm what was not good for vineyards and requested a higher amount of plant preotection than envisaged. In regard to weather conditions 2014 will be remembered as very bad for vine growers because some of them lost 30% to 50% of yield what will also influence further production