Application of gas chromatography in water pollutants determination

Voda je neophodna za život na Zemlji a svakodnevno ju upotrebljavamo za piće, pranje, irigaciju, industrijske namjene, te sport i rekreaciju. Voda za piće uključuje: vodu za piće iz javnih vodoopskrbnih sustava, prirodnu mineralnu vodu, prirodnu izvorsku vodu i stolnu vodu. U procjeni kakvoće vode koriste se fizikalni, kemijski i biološki pokazatelji kakvoće vode koji ukazuju na onečišćivače u vodi. U različitim kategorijama voda dopuštene su različite koncentracije onečišćivača. Za njihovo određivanje mogu se koristiti različite analitičke metode, a jedna od najčešće primjenjivanih instrumentalnih metoda koja se koristi u tu svrhu je kromatografija. Plinska kromatografija kvantitativno i kvalitativno određuje onečišćivače poput pesticida, herbicida, trihalometana i ostalih hlapivih komponenata. Odabir detektora, kromatografske kolone i ostalih parametara analize (temperatura, protok plina nosioca) ovisi o svojstvima uzorka koji je potrebno analizirati stoga poznavanje uzorka predstavlja polazišnu točku za uspješnu provedbu analize.Water is indispensable for life on Earth due to its daily use for for drinking, washing, agricultural irrigation, industrial purposes, and sport and leisure. Drinking water includes: drinking water from public water supply systems, natural mineral water, natural spring water and table water. To determine usability of water, physical, chemical and biological indicators of the quality of water are used, which can indicate pollutants in water. Concentrations of different coontaminants which are allowed in some water are defined with the respect of water category. For their determination differnt analytical methods can be used, and one of the most common instrumental methods used for that purpose is chromatography. Gas chromatography determines quantitatively and qualitatively the pollutants such as pesticides, herbicides, trichalometans and other volatile compounds. The choice of the detectors, chromatographic column and other parameters of the analysis (temperature, the flow of the carrier gas) depends on the qualities of the sample to be analysed. Therefore, the knowledge of the sample represents the starting point for a successful analysis