Higijenske mjere za sprječavanje nastanka i suzbijanje širenja bolesti prljavih ruku

Higijena ruku je jedna od najvažnijih mjera prevencije u širenju zaraznih bolesti. Nužno je provođenje higijene ruku radi sprječavanja prenošenja mikroogranizama u kontaktu s namirnicama, životinjama, ljudima ili predmetima. Dakle, higijena ruku ključna je u očuvanju zdravlja i sprječavanju širenja zaraznih bolesti. Uzročnici bolesti prljavih ruku su virusi, bakterije i paraziti, a mogu se prenijeti posrednim i neposrednim dodirom. Zarazne bolesti najčešće se pojavljuju kod predškolske i školske djece zbog slabijeg imuniteta i loših higijenskih navika. Higijenske navike trebaju se usvajati i poticati od malih nogu, a škola ih je dužna dodatno proširivati i provoditi. Svrha mog diplomskog rada bila je saznati koliko su učenici higijenski osviješteni, kakve su njihove higijenske navike, poticati kod učenika svijest o važnosti higijenskog pranja ruku te ih naučiti pravilnom pranju ruku. Provela sam radionicu koja je bila prilagođena učenicima drugog i trećeg razreda. Kroz razgovor s učenicima, primjetila sam da učenici posjeduju osnovna znanja o higijeni, ali da nisu dovoljno svjesni važnosti pranja ruku. Tijekom niza aktivnosti i primjera, učenici su proširili osnovna znanja o higijeni i bolestima prljavih ruku. Osim toga, naučili su pravilan postupak pranja ruku i dezinfekcije. Primjetila sam da su učenici pozitivno reagirali na radionicu, razredna atmosfera je bila ugodna, a do izražaja je došla međusobna komunikacija, suradnja i primjena znanja.Hand hygiene is one of the most important measures in the prevention of infectious diseases. It is necessary to take care of the hand hygiene in order to stop transferring microorganism when in contact with groceries, animals, people or subjects. Hand hygiene is vital for the preserving of the health and because it helps in the prevention of infectious diseases. The causes of the disease of dirty hands are viruses, bacteria and parasites. The disease can be transferred with direct and indirect touch. Infectious diseases are most common with children in kindergartens and primary school because they have a weaker immunity and bad hygienic habits. Hygienic habits are something that should be taught and encouraged in children from the earliest age and the school has the duty to broaden their knowledge about it. The main goal of my thesis was to find out how much pupils know about hygiene and what hygienic habits they have. Furthermore, I wanted to teach them the importance of hygiene in general and teach them the proper way to wash hands. I held a workshop which was fitted for the pupils of the second and third grade of primary school. While talking to them, I noticed that the pupils have the basic knowledge about hygiene but that they do not acknowledge the importance of hand washing. Through the course of the workshop, I managed to broaden their knowledge about hygiene in general and hand hygiene. I also taught them the proper way to wash hands and disinfect. I noticed as well that they had only positive reactions to the workshop, that the class atmosphere was pleasant, and the interaction between pupils was cooperative in applying their knowledge