Recycling of batteries

Kroz rad su objašnjeni principi rada elektrokemijske ćelije i razliĉite vrste baterija zbog vaţnosti poznavanja materijala koji sudjeluju u procesu recikliranja baterija. Glavni problem je broj odbaĉenih baterija koje mogu izazivati trajne posljedice na budućnost oĉuvanja okoliša jer se elektrokemijske ćelije sastoje od razliĉitih materijala od kojih su još uvijek neki izrazito opasni za okoliš poput : ţive, olova, kadmija, nikla, cink i kobalta. Uslijed odbaĉenosti takve vrste otpada moţe se ozbiljno ugroziti zdravlje ljudi, ţivotinja kao i oneĉistit prirodu. Pravilnikom o baterijama i akumulatorima i otpadnim baterijama ( NN 111/2015) odreĊene su smjernice koje su doprinosile udjelu smanjenja opasnog otpada u baterijama i njihovom pravilnom zbrinjavanju kao i uvjeti koji se moraju poštovati pri prikupljanju dotrajalih baterija, evidenciji i skladištenju. Kroz rad su prikazani procesi recikliranja razliĉitih vrsta baterija kao i naĉin na koji se dobiva potpuno novi upotrebljivi materijal te problemi s kojima se susreću reciklaţni pogoni.Throughout this final work principles of electrochemical cell work and different types of batteries are explained due to the importance of knowing the materials involved in the battery recycling process. The main problem is the number of discarded batteries that can cause permanent consequences on the future of environmental protection because the electrochemical cells consist of a variety of materials, some of which are still extremely dangerous for the environment such as : mercury, lead, cadmium, nickel, zinc and cobalt. Due to the discarding this kind of waste, it can seriously endanger the health of humans, animals as well as impure nature. Battery, accumulators and waste batteries regulations in Republic of Croatia (NN 111/2015) provides guidelines that have contributed to the share of hazardous waste reduction in batteries and their proper disposal, as well as the conditions that need to be met when collecting , tracking and storaging dumped batteries. Throughout this final work the recycling processes of different types of batteries are presented, as well as the way in which the new material is used and the problems faced by the recycling company