Wine types and categories of wine quality

Vinova loza (Vitis vinifera) jedna je od najstarijih kulturnih biljaka čiji živi predak još uvijek egzistira. Cilj ovog rada je bio utvrditi vrste vina, te njihovu podjelu prema kategorijama kvalitete. Od mnogih vrsta loze za vinogradarsku proizvodnju najvažniji je rod Vitis, koji se dijeli na dva podroda: Muscadiniju i Euvitis. Postoje razne vrste vina koje odražavaju raznolikost klime i tla na kojem su uzgojene različite vrste vinove loze. Obično razlikujemo vina po boji: bijelo, ružičasto (roze) i crno (crveno) vino - a boju određuje boja bobica grožđa uz proces proizvodnje vina. Vina se razvrstavaju u kvalitetne kategorije ovisno o kakvoći prerađenoga grožđa, prirodu po hektaru, stupnju zrelosti grožđa, prerade i njege, randmanu, količini prirodnog alkohola i drugih sastojaka te organoleptičkim (senzornim) svojstvima. Prema Zakonu o vinu RH vina dijelimo na: vina u užem smislu riječi (mirna vina, pjenušava vina, biser vina, gazirana vina) te specijalna vina (desertna vina, aromatizirana vina, likerska vina). Analizom parametara za utvrđivanje kakvoće, vina se klasificiraju na stolna, kvalitetna i vrhunska vina.The grapevine (Vitis vinifera) is one of the oldest cultural plants whose living ancestor still exists. The aim of this study was to determine the types of wines and their classification according to categories of quality. From the many types of grapes for wineproduction the most important genus is Vitis, which is divided into two subgenera: Muscadine and Euvitis. There are various types of wines that reflect the diversity of climate and soil on which different types of vines are grown. We usually differ wines by color: white, rose (pink) and black (red) wine - and the color determines the color of grape berries with wine production process. Wines are classified into categories depending on the quality of processed grape, yield per hectare, the mellowwnes of the grapes, treatment and care, content of natural alcohol and other constituents and organoleptic (sensory) properties. By law, the Croatian wines are divided into: wine in the narrow sense of the word (still wines, sparkling wines, semi-sparkling wines, sparkling wines) and special wines (dessert wines, flavored wines, liqueur wines). By analysing the parameters which determine the quality of wines they are classified into wines, quality wines and premium wines