SPECIAL DIETS: MACROBIOTIC AND RAW FOOD

Hrana je naša svakodnevna potreba i vrlo je važno kakvu hranu, koliko i kada unosimo u organizam. Promjene u načinu stila života rezultirale su pojavom specifičnih oblika prehrane koje postaju sve popularnije u današnjem svijetu. Prehrana je odnos između hrane i čovjekova zdravlja. Iz hrane dobivamo sve što nam je potrebno za pravilan razvoj – proteine, masti, mikronutrijente, vitamine, minerale, vodu. Alergije i drugi oblici nepodnošenja pojedine hrane područja su kojima se bavi tzv. posebna prehrana. Neke od vrsta posebne prehrane su i makrobiotika te konzumiranje isključivo sirove hrane. Makrobiotička prehrana teži postizanju i održavanju fizičkog, mentalnog i duhovnog zdravlja te dugovječnosti. Ono što se unosi u organizam – jede, pije, nanosi na tijelo, misli i govori direktno je pod utjecajem čovjeka. Makrobiotički način prehrane govori da finalnu kvalitetu određene namirnice određuje njezina količina. Glavne namirnice u makrobiotičkoj kuhinji: cjelovite žitarice, povrće, juhe, alge, voće, sjemenke, riba, napitci su najčešće razni čajevi. Kod sirove prehrane osnovni cilj je osigurati sve važne nutrijente potrebne za zdravo funkcioniranje organizma, a pritom minimalno opteretiti probavu. Sirova hrana je nekuhana, nepečena, neprerađena i organska. Može biti dehidrirana, fermentirana, u klicama i sušena. Ona uključuje svako voće, povrće, orašaste plodove, sjemenke, morske trave... Pozitivna strana je što je sirova hrana bogata enzimima koji pomažu probavi i doprinose čišćenju organizma. Negativna strana je što nema visokovrijednih proteina, esencijalnih masnoća, npr. omega-3 koja se nalazi u ribi, mesu životinja i jajima.Food is our daily need and it is very important to know the quality, quantity and time of food consumption. Life-style changes have resulted in the appearance of specific types of diets which are becoming more and more popular in the modern world. A diet is the relationship between food and a person’s health. Everything we need for our development we get from food – proteins, fats, micronutrients, vitamins, minerals, water. Allergies and other forms of reactions to different types of food are in the domain of special diets. Two types of special diets are the macrobiotic and raw food diets. The aim of the macrobiotic diet is to attain and maintain physical, mental and spiritual health, as well as longevity. What is put into the body by means of eating it, drinking it or applying it to the body, what is thought or said is all under the direct influence of man. The macrobiotic diet states that the final quality of food is determined by its quantity. The main foods in the macrobiotic diet are: integral cereals, vegetables, soup, algae, fruit, seeds, fish and different types of tea are consumed as beverages. In the case of raw food, the aim is to ensure all the nutrients necessary for a healthy body with a minimum load on the digestive system. Raw food is not cooked, baked or in any way processed and it is organic. It can be dehydrated, fermented, in seeds or dried. It includes all kinds of fruit, vegetables, nuts, seeds, algae… The benefit of raw food is that it is rich in enzymes which help in the digestion and the cleansing of the body. Its drawback is that it does not have high-quality proteins, essential fats such as omega-3 which is found in fish, meat and eggs