CEREALS AND CEREAL PRODUCTS

Žitarice su jednogodišnje biljke iz porodice trava čija su zrna od iznimnog značaja za prehranu ljudi i stoke. Postoji jako puno vrsta žitarica i proizvoda od žitarica koji su osnova prehrane na gotovo svim geografskim širinama. Prema biološkoj klasifikaciji žitarice se dijele na: pšenicu, kukuruz, rižu, raž, ječam, zob, proso i heljdu, koje su ujedno i žitarice koje se najviše konzumiraju. Preradom očišćenih žitarica se dobivaju razni proizvodi od žitarica, a najzastupljeniji su: mlinski proizvodi, pekarski proizvodi i tjestenine. S obzirom na svoj iznimno bogat nutritivni sastav, žitarice predstavljaju jedan od najvažnijih izvora energije u tijelu. Za održavanje ravnoteže pravilne prehrane preporuča se konzumiranje žitarica koje se nalaze u integralnom obliku ili pak bezglutenske žitarice, čiji sastav u odnosu na rafinirane žitarice i suvremene mlinske, te pekarske proizvode dobivene od rafiniranih žitarica, ima znatno veću energetsku i nutritivnu vrijednost.Cereals are annual plants from the grass family whose grains are of great importance for human consumption and livestock. There are so many kinds of grains and cereal products that are staples at virtually all latitudes. According to biological classification cereals are divided into: wheat, corn, rice, rye, barley, oats, millet and buckwheat, which are also the cereals that are mostly consumed. By processing cleaned grains you obtain various grain products and the most common are: mill products, bakery products and pasta. Due to its exceptionally rich nutritional composition, grains are one of the most important sources of energy in the body. To maintain a balanced diet it is advised to consume grains found in integral form or gluten-free grains, the composition of which in relation to the refining of grains and modern milling and bakery products made from refined grains, have a significantly higher energy and nutritional value