Demand for RFID systems that are integrated with analogue-to-digital converters and wirelessly powered sensor nodes is constantly increasing. One of the main requirements for these systems is low-power consumption, which is typically in the range from hundred nW to few tens of µW. The standard circuits, such as e.g. bandgap references, can not be used and the designers must find new circuit architectures. The aim of this research is the design of several most used circuits, e.g. oscillator, analogueto-digital converter, voltage references and a three-stage symmetric operational amplifier. Additionally, a behavioural model of the rectifier which converts radio frequency signals into the DC supply voltage is developed. The model is characteri...