NEW TRENDS IN ESTHETIC DENTAL MATERIALS

Danas estetski dentalni materijali posjeduju široku kliničku primjenu te imaju veliki broj indikacija. U fiksnoj protetici koriste se u prednjem te isto tako u stražnjem segmentu čeljusti za izradu ljuskica, inleja, onleja, pojedinačnih krunica te mosnih konstrukcija do dva međučlana. Uz gliničnu keramiku, danas na tržištu postoje staklokeramika, staklom infiltrirana keramika te oksidna keramika. Najbolja mehanička svojstva posjeduje oksidna keramika, ali s druge strane najbolja optička svojstva posjeduje keramika s visokim postotkom stakla u svom sastavu. Za izradu keramičkih nadomjestka koriste se ručne te strojne metode. Tehnologija izrade koja se koristi ovisi o vrsti keramičkog materijala. Tehnika slojevanja koristi se kod glinične keramike te staklokeramike, tehnika prešanja kod staklokeramike te CAD/CAM tenologija kod staklokeramike i oksidne keramike. Kao nadopuna keramici materijal izbora je kompozit. Danas se najčešće koriste česticama ojačani kompoziti te vlaknima ojačani kompoziti u izradi ljuskica, inleja te onlejaToday esthetic dental materials have a large number of indication in clinical use. In fixed prosthodontics they are used in the anterior and also in the posterior regions of the jaw and they are indicated for veneers, inlays, onlays, single crowns and up to four-unit bridges. Today on the market beside feldspathic ceramics there are glass-ceramics, glass-infiltrated ceramics and oxide ceramics. The best mechanical properties possess oxide ceramics and it can stand high occlusal forces. On the other hand, feldspetic ceramics and glass-ceramics has the best optical characteristics. Processing methods which are used for all-ceramic dental restoration are divided into manual and machine processing. The type of processing technique used depends on the type of ceramic material. Layering technique is used for feldspathic and glass-ceramics, the pressing for glass-ceramics, and CAD/CAM technologies is used for glass-ceramics and oxide ceramics. Beside all-ceramic dental restoration the choice of material is composite. Today commonly use composites are composite with fillers and fiber-reinforced composite. Their indication in clinical use are veneers, inlays, onlay