2D AIRFOIL AERODYNAMICS AND APPLICATION

U ovome radu prikazan je povijesni razvoj aerodinamike i njeno značenje. Objašnjeni su osnovni pojmovi, te geometrijske i aerodinamičke veličine zračnog profila. Budući da su realni (trodimenzionalni) problemi izričito kompleksni, uveli smo pojednostavljenja. Postavili smo jednadžbe za slučaj dvodimenzionalnog strujanja fluida oko aeroprofila, za slučaj stalnog protoka, ispodzvučne brzine strujanja, bez prisutnosti trenja, te bez vrtloženja. Matematički smo prikazali izgled fizikalnih pojava u strujanju kao što su izvor, ponor i doublet, koje su nam ujedno i ključne za obradu metoda rješavanja aerodinamičkih problema. Kako bismo približili problematiku, prikazali smo strujanje oko zračnih profila koji se koriste na trkaćim automobilima, onih koji se koriste kod zrakoplova, utjecaj zakrilca, te ono što je također jako bitno - utjecaj podloge. Također smo prikazali neka od zanimljivih konstrukcijskih rješenja za poboljšavanje aerodinamičkih performansi trkaćih automobila. Za prikaz strujanja oko aeroprofila, te dijagrama aerodinamičkih koeficijenata koristili smo programski jezik Python. Postavljanjem parametara kao što su kut upada strujanja na aeroprofil, te nagib i konstrukcija samog profila, dobili smo rezultate čijom smo usporedbom donijeli zaključak o pogodnosti različitih tipova aeroprofila.This paper presents the historical development of aerodynamics and its meaning. It explains the basic concepts, geometrical and aerodynamic dimensions of the airfoil. Since the real (three-dimensional) problems are overly complex, we had to simplify them. We have set equations for the two-dimensional fluid flow around the airfoil, in case of constant flow, subsonic velocity, without friction nor vorticity. We have mathematicaly represented an appearance of physical phenomena in the flow such as source, sink and doublet that are crucial for the processing of aerodynamic problemsolving methods. To bring the problem closer to everyday life and application, we have shown the flow around the airfoils used in motorsports, aircrafts, the influence of the flaps and what is also very important - the ground effect. There are also represented some of the most interesting construction solutions for improvement of aerodynamic performance of racing cars. For the visualization of the stream and display of aerodynamic coefficient diagrams, we used Python programming language. Setting parameters such as the angle of the flow impact onto the airfoil, incline and construction ot the airfoil itself, we have obtained the results whose comparison led to conclusion about the advantages of the certain type of airfoils