THE PRINCIPLE OF STATE LIABILITY FOR DAMAGE CAUSED BY INFRINGEMENT OF THE LAW OF THE EUROPEAN UNION

Ovaj rad sastoji se od dvije cjeline u kojima je objašnjeno načelo odgovornosti država članica za štetu zbog povrede prava Unije temeljem prakse Europskog suda koja je imala vrlo važan učinak u njegovu razvoju. U prvoj cjelini obrađena su opća načela prava Europske unije kao izvor prava u koje navedeno načelo spada. Nadalje, objašnjena je svrha njegova uvođenja i ciljevi koji su se time htjeli postići. Velika pozornost posvećena je razvoju načela kroz praksu Europskog suda bez koje navedeno načelo ne bi ni postojalo. Objašnjeno je kakav odraz ima na nacionalne pravne poretke država članica i njihove sudove. Potom je rečeno nešto o državnim tijelima koja mogu odgovarati za štetu u slučaju povrede prava Unije, te slučajevima kad pojedinci imaju prava na naknadu štete. Utvrđeno je tko ima pravo na naknadu štete, pred kojim sudovima se to pravo može potraživati i protiv koga se podnosi. Na kraju prve cjeline objašnjene su pretpostavke koje se moraju ispuniti da bi odgovornost nastala. U drugoj cjelini kronološki je obrađena praksa Europskog suda vezana za odgovornost država članica za štetu. Analizirane su činjenice bitnijih predmeta, pitanja koja su bila najvažnija u svakom od njih, odluke Suda o tim pitanjima, te utjecaj odluka na razvoj načela odgovornosti države članice za štetu.This essay consisting of two chapters at which the principle of state liability for damage caused by infringement of the law of European Union based on European Court practice, that have had very important influence on the development of this principle, is explained. In the first chapter General Principles of Law as a source of law in which specified principle, is examined. Moreover, the purpose of its introduction and objectives that have wanted to achieve, are explained. Great attention is dedicated to development of principle through practice of the European court of justice without which that principle would not exist. It is explained what kind of reflection has at the national legal system of the member states and their courts. Then it is told something about state authorities which can correspond for damage in case of infringement of law of the Union and cases when individuals have a right to compensation. It is determined who has a right to compensation, in front of which courts that right can be demanded and which against is submitted. At the end of first chapter assumptions that must be met to liability appeal, are explained. In the second chapter in chronological order is examined practice of the European court of justice attached to liability of member states for damage. The facts of significant cases, questions which were most important in every case, the decisions of Court on these questions and influence of the decisions at development of the principle of state liability for damage, are analyzed