THE REASONS FOR EXTRACTIONS OF PERMANENT TEETH IN SPLIT, CROATIA

Cilj: Glavni cilj ovog istraživanja bio je istražiti prevalenciju i razloge za ekstrakciju trajnih zuba u Splitu. Specifični ciljevi ovog istraživanja bili su procijeniti razlikuju li se razlozi za ekstrakciju u osoba različitog spola, dobi i različitih društvenih skupina te ustanoviti utječe li učestalost posjeta odabranom doktoru dentalne medicine na potrebu za ekstrakcijom zuba i iz kojih razloga. Materijali i metode:U istraživanju su sudjelovali ispitanici koji su pristupili ekstrakciji trajnih zuba u ambulanti oralne kirurgije Odjela za maksilofacijalnu kirurgiju KBC-a Splitu razdoblju od 18.travnja 2018. do 18. svibnja 2018. godine. Za potrebe istraživanja načinjena je tablica koja je sadržavala osnovne značajke o pacijentima kao što su, dob, spol, zanimanje i učestalost posjeta stomatologu. U drugi dio tablice unosila se oznaka zuba za ekstrakciju (dvobrojnim sustavom) i razlog za ekstrakciju (karijes, parodontitis, endodontski razlozi, simptomatski impaktirani umnjak i ortodontski razlozi). Odluka o ekstrakciji temeljila se na kliničkom pregledu i analizi rendgenske snimke. U ovom istraživanju sudjelovalo je 155 ispitanika od kojih su 52,3 % sačinjavale žene, a 47,7% muškarci Rezultati: Najčešći razlog za ekstrakciju zuba bio je karijes. Od 155 ekstrakcija, 100 ih je obavljeno zbog karijesa (64,5%). Najveći broj ekstrakcija obavljen je u dobnoj skupini od 18 do 35 godina, a karijes je vodeći uzrok ekstrakcija u svim dobnim skupinama. Nije pronađena statistički značajna razlika između muškaraca i žena u broju ekstrakcija. Što se tiče razine obrazovanja ispitanika i učestalosti ekstrakcija zbog karijesa, najveći postotak zabilježen je u osoba srednje stručne spreme (50%), a najmanji u učenika i studenata. U osoba koje posjećuju svoga stomatologa samo prema potrebi, zabilježen je najveći broj ekstrakcija (49%). Unutar te skupine, čak 59% ekstrakcija obavljeno je zbog karijesa. Zubi koji su se najviše ekstrahirali bili su donji treći molari, dok je najmanje bilo ekstrakcija donjih inciziva. Najčešći ekstrahirani zubi zbog karijesa bili su donji prvi trajni molari te gornji premolari. Zaključak: Istraživanje je pokazalo kako su ispitanicima najčešće ekstrahirani zubi zbog karijesa, što govori o važnosti preventivnih postupaka i redovitih kontrolnih pregleda stomatologa, kako bi se smanjila incidencija karijesa i posljedični gubitak zuba.Objectives: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and the reasons for permanent teeth extractions in Split. The specific aims of this study were to assess whether the reasons for extraction were different for people of different gender, age and different social groups and to determine whether the frequency of visits to the general dentist affects the need for extraction and for what reasons. Materials and methods: This research has been carried out in a clinic for oral surgery in a hospital centre in Split. The data was collected in the period from April 18th to May 18th, 2018. For the purposes of this study, a table was made containing the basic demographic characteristics of patients such as age, gender, occupation and frequency of visits to their general dentist. In the second part of the table, the labeling of the extraction teeth (dual system) and the reason for extraction (caries, periodontitis, endodontic reasons, impacted third molar and orthodontic reasons) were entered. The decision for extraction was based on a clinical examination and X-ray analysis. There were 155 patients that participated in this study, of which 52.3% were women and 47.7% men. Results: The most common reason for tooth extraction was caries. Out of 155 extractions, 100 were performed due to caries (64.5%). The largest number of extraction was performed in the age group of 18 to 35 years, and caries was the leading cause of extraction in all age groups. No statistically significant differences were found between men and women in the number of extractions. Regarding the level of education of the participants and the frequency of extraction due to caries, the highest percentage was recorded in patients with secondary education (50%) and the lowest in pupils and students. The largest number of extractions was observed in people who only visited their general dentist when necessary. Within this group, as much as 59% of extraction was performed due to caries. The most commonly extracted teeth were lower third molars, while lower incisors were extracted the least. The most commonly extracted teeth due to caries were the lower first molars and the upper premolars. Conclusion: This study showed that caries was the main reason for permanent teeth extraction in Split, Croatia. This shows the importance of preventive procedures and regular checkups at the dentist in order to reduce the incidence of caries and consequent extractions