CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF INFLUENZA IN PATIENTS TREATED AT THE CLINIC FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF THE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF SPLIT IN THE SEASONS OF 2009/2010 AND 2016/2017

Cilj istraživanja: Cilj je ovoga rada bio prikazati epidemiološke i kliničke značajke pacijenata koji su hospitalizirani zbog gripe na Klinici za infektologiju KBC-a Split i na taj način uočiti neke sličnosti i razlike u dvije obrađene sezone i time unaprijediti dosadašnje spoznaje o ovoj bolesti. Ispitanici i metode: U ovome retrospektivnom istraživanju prikazano je 157 bolesnika liječenih od gripe na Klinici za infektologiju KBC-a Split kroz razdoblje od dvije sezone gripe, tj. tijekom sezone 2009./2010. i 2016./2017. Podatci potrebni za provođenje istraživanja dobiveni su popunjavanjem anketnoga listića uvidom u povijest bolesti i otpusna pisma obrađenih pacijenata. Rezultati: Omjer je žena i muškaraca među obrađenim bolesnicima bio 1:1. Prosječna je dob svih obrađenih bolesnika bila 44,75 godina. Uočeno je kako su u sezoni 2009./2010. hospitalizirani pacijenti bili u prosjeku mlađi nego u sezoni 2016./2017. Tako je u sezoni 2009./2010. prosječna dob hospitaliziranih bolesnika bila 38,2 godine, dok je u sezoni 2016./2017. ona bila 52,7 godina. U sezoni 2009./2010. 5,8% bolesnika bilo je te sezone cijepljeno protiv gripe, dok je taj postotak u sezoni 2016./2017. iznosio 1,4%. Hospitalizacija je podjednako trajala u obje sezone (prosječno 6,5 i 6,7 dana), a u obje je sezone uočeno kako su pacijenti stariji od 65 godina bili najdulje hospitalizirani (8,8 dana u sezoni 2009./2010. i 8.1 dan u sezoni 2016./2017). Više je od 60% hospitaliziranih u obje sezone imalo pneumoniju kao komplikaciju. Više je od 90% pacijenata u obje sezone liječeno oseltamivirom. U sezoni je 2009./2010. najkorišteniji antibiotik bio moksifloksacin, dok je u sezoni 2016./2017. koamoksiklav bio najkorišteniji antibiotik. U sezoni 2009./2010. smrtno je stradalo dvoje bolesnika, a u sezoni 2016./2017. sedmero njih. Zaključak: Rezultati ovoga istraživanja odgovaraju epidemiološkim i kliničkim podatcima iz postojeće literature koji predviđaju povećani pobol starijih dobnih skupinama u sezonama kada je H3N2 dominantni soj virusa, a povećani pobol mlađih kada se pojavi novi pandemijski soj.Objectives: The objective of this study was to show the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patiens with influenza treated at the Split Clinic for infectious diseases in the flu seasons of 2009./2010. and 2016./2017. and thus expand the existing knowledge of this important illness, observing the similarities and differences between the two seasons. Patients and Methods: In this retrospective study we presented 157 patients that were treated for influenza at the Clinic for Infectious Diseases of the University Hospital of Split over a period of two influenza seasons; thus being the seasons 2009./2010. and 2016./2017. The required sample was obtained by examining the medical history and patient discharge letters. Results: The female to male ratio of the patients overall was 1:1. The average age of the patients was 44.75 years of age. Patients hospitalized during the season of 2009./2010. were younger by average. The average age of patients in the season of 2009./2010. was found to be 38.2 years, while in the season of 2016./2017. it was found to be 52.7 years. In the season of 2009./2010. 5.8% of patiens were vaccinated as opposed to 1.4% in the season of 2016./2017. The length of the average hospital stay was practically equal in both seasons (6.6 and 6.2 days). In both seasons patients older than 65 years of age had the longest average hospital stay (8.8 and 8.1 days). More than 60% of patients in both seasons acquired pneumonia as a complication. In the season of 2009./2010. the most commonly used antibiotic was moxifloxacin as opposed to co-amoxiclav in the season of 2016./2017. In the season of 2009./2010. two patients had a lethal outcome, as opposed to seven in the season of 2016./2017. Conclusion: The results of this work correspond to the epidemiological and clinical dana from existing literature which predict a larger morbidity among older people in the seasons in which the H3N2 virus is the dominant strain and a larger morbidity among the younger population when a new pandemic strain emerges