In this text is presented the idea of social structure in the sociology of P. Bourdieu. Bourdieu take a strong theoretical line between the realism -conceptualism controversy. He Crossed this opposition, and opened the relational idea of the social. In Bordieu interpretation — existed not realistically defined “social classes”, but “the social space”. The social world can be interpreted as the multidimensional space which may be empirically constructed by the detection of main factors of the differentiation. Following his theoretical ideas — in this text — is formulated the theoretical and methodological proposal refering to the study of changing social structure, in old industrial region in socioeconomical transformation