Access to a patient with chronic respiratory illness in family medicine

Kronične respiratorne bolesti su vrlo česte u obiteljskoj medicini. Najčešće su astma i kronična opstruktivna bolest pluća (KOBP). Pristup pacijentu s nedijagnosticiranom kroničnom respiratornom bolešću se temelji na detaljnoj anamnezi, fizikalnom pregledu i specifičnim pretragama.U pretrage ubrajamo spirometriju, radiogram pluća, ostale radiološke metode, pulsnu oksimetriju i alergološku obradu. Kod pacijenta s već dijagnosticiranom bolešću treba procijeniti težinu bolesti. Temeljna pretraga za to je spirometrija. Za procjenu simptoma su vrlo bitni i upitnici o bolesti. Farmakološka terapija se daje ovisno o težini simptoma astme ili KOBP-a i u skladu s međunarodnim smjernicama. Edukacija, motivacija, prestanak pušenja i pravilna uporaba lijekova su ključne zadaće obiteljskog liječnika u kontroli bolesti. Egzacerbacija astme i KOBP- a i njezino zbrinjavanje je također bitna zadaća obiteljskog liječnika. Kontrola simptoma i sprječavanje pogoršanja bolesti u suradnji s pacijentom predstavlja temeljnu zadaću liječnika obiteljske medicine.Chronic respiratory diseases are very common in family medicine. The most common are asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Access to a patient with undiagnosed chronic respiratory disease is based on detailed anamnesis, physical examination and specific examinations. We include spirometry, lung radiography, other radiological methods, pulse oximetry and allergy treatment. The patient with already diagnosed disease should be evaluated by the severity of the disease. The basic search for this is spirometry. Symptoms are very important for assessing the symptoms. Pharmacological therapy is given depending on the severity of asthma or COPD symptoms and in accordance with international guidelines. Education, motivation, smoking cessation and proper use of medication are key tasks of a family physician to control the disease. Exacerbation of asthma and COPD and its care is also an important task of a family physician. Symptom control and the prevention of disease deterioration in collaboration with the patient is a fundamental task of a family physician