Diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer in the last five years in the Primorje-Gorski Kotar County

Uvod: Karcinom mokraćnog mjehura je u najvećem postotku maligna novotvorina prijelaznog epitela mokraćnog mjehura te je ujedno jedan od najčešćih tumora urogenitalnog sustava. Svrha rada: Svrha rada je prikazati dijagnostiku i liječenje karcinoma mokraćnog mjehura te kliničke značajke bolesnika koji su bili kirurški liječeni. Ispitanici i metode: Od 01. siječnja 2013. do 31. prosinca 2017. u Kliničkom bolničkom centru Rijeka, zbog karcinoma mokraćnog mjehura, kirurški je liječeno 847 bolesnika. Retrospektivno je provedena analiza medicinske dokumentacije tih pacijenata. Rezultati: Od ukupno 847 bolesnika s karcinomom mokraćnog mjehura, 636 (75%) bolesnika je muškog spola, a 211 (25%) bolesnika je ženskog spola. Raspon godina bolesnika je bio od 22 do 94 godine, a prosječna životna dob je iznosila 70 godina. Više od 80% bolesnika je imalo simptome, najčešći simptom je bila makrohematurija. Najveći postotak bolesnika sa karcinom mokraćnog mjehura (76%) boluje od pT1 stadija bolesti. Transuretralna resekcija je učinjena u 89% bolesnika, radikalna cistektomija u 10% bolesnika, a u 1% parcijalna cistektomija. Kod 59% pacijenata je zabilježen ponovni povratak bolesti i to najčešće u prvoj godini nakon TUER-a. U promatranom razdoblju ukupno je umrlo 53 (6%) pacijenata. Zaključak: Učestalost karcinoma mokraćnog mjehura kao i pojava recidiva se povećala tijekom posljednjih pet godina. Jedan od glavnih razloga toga su novije dijagnostičke metode te učestaliji odlasci na preglede koji omogućuju njegovo otkrivanje u ranijoj fazi bolesti. U konačnici to dovodi do sve češćeg kirurškog liječenja bolesti te smanjenja smrtnosti kod pacijenata koji boluju od karcinoma mokraćnog mjehura.Introduction: Bladder cancer is in the highest percentage malignant neoplasm of transitional urinary bladderkepithelium and is also one of the most common urogenital tumors. Purpose: The purpose was to show the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer and clinical features of surgically treated patients. Patients and Methods: From 01 January 2013 to 31 December 2017, 847 patients were treated surgically at the Clinical Hospital Center in Rijeka because of urinary bladder cancer. Medical documentation of these patients was performed retrospective. Results: Out of 847 patients with bladder cancer, 636 (75%) patients were male and 211 (25%) were female patients. In the range of 22 to 94 years, the mean agekof the patiens was 70 years. More than 80% of the patients had symptoms, the most common symptom was macrohemuria. The highest percentage of patients with bladder cancer (76%) suffer from pT1 stage of illness. Transurethral resection was performed in 89% of patients, radical cystectomy in 10% of patients, and in 1% partial cystectomy. In 59% of patients was a recurrence of the disease, mostly in the first year after the TUER. In the observed period, 53 (6%) patients died. Conclusion: The incidence of bladder cancer as well as the recurrence has increased over the last five years. One of thekmainkreasons for this is the new diagnostic methods and more frequent exits to examinations that allow its detection in the earlykstage of the disease. Ultimately it leads to more frequent surgical treatment of the disease and reduction of mortality in patients who suffering from bladder cancer