The role of calpain in breast cancer

Rak dojke je heterogena bolest obilježena morfološkom raznolikošću i različitim biološkim ponašanjem koje utječe na progresiju same bolesti, a time i na terapeutsku otpornost. Kalpainski sustav je važna obitelj proteolitičkih enzima koja igra ulogu u velikom broju osnovnih staničnih aktivnosti uključujući preživljavanje stanica, apoptozu i migraciju. Promijenjena aktivnost i ekspresija članova kalpainske obitelji uključeni su u brojnim bolestima, uključujući rak. Prikupljene informacije o karcinomu dojke su pokazale da kalpain igra važnu ulogu u progresiji bolesti, prognozi i odgovoru na liječenje. Trenutna istraživanja o karcinomu dojke upućuju na to da određivanje ekspresije i aktivnosti kalpaina može imati kliničku korist pri određivanju prognoze pacijenata i također se može pokazati korisnim pri odabiru pacijenata za personaliziranu terapiju. No, i dalje su potrebna istraživanja kako bi se razjasnila uloga kalpaina i kalpainskog enzimskog sustava u karcinomu dojke i karcinomima općenito.Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that is characterized by diversity of morphology and many biological behaviors that influence the progression of the disease and thus therapeutic resistance. The calpain system is a family of proteolytic enzymes that has a role in a number of basic cellular activities and it includes survival of cells, migration and apoptosis. Changed expression and activity of members of the calpain family are involved in various diseases, including cancer. The information collected on breast cancer has demonstrated that calpain has a significant role in progression and prognosis of disease and response to treatment. Present breast cancer research indicates that the assesment of expression and activity of calpain can have a clinical benefit in assesing patient prognosis and can also be useful in selecting patients for personalized therapy. Nevertheless, research is still required to clarify the role of the calpain enzyme system regarding breast cancer and carcinoma in general