Monetary Politics and its Institutions

Monetarizam predstavlja pogled u ekonomskoj teoriji koji se oslanja na kontrolu ponude novca te monetarne mehanizme kako bi se postigli ciljevi ekonomske politike, a tu se prije svega misli na stabilnost cijena. Iako monetarizam više nije u modi, danas je monetarna politika središnji alat politike stabilizacije u velikim tržišnim gospodarstvima. Monetarna politika predstavlja sustav koji kontrolira ponudu novca od strane središnje banke. Monetarna politika sastoji se od dvije politike, a to su politika ograničavanja novčane ponude gdje do povećanja kamata dovodi inflacija, te politika ekspanzivne novčane ponude gdje do smanjenja kamata dovodi recesija. Ova vrsta politike ima nekoliko glavnih i jasno postavljenih ciljeva, a to su ekonomska likvidnost, monetarna ravnoteža i stabilnost domaćeg novca te njegovog deviznog tečaja. Postoji i nekoliko vrsta monetarne politike koje se određuju prema BDP-u – ekspanzivna, restriktivna i neutralna politika. Glavna institucija monetarne politike je središnja banka, a središnja banka Republike Hrvatske je Hrvatska Narodna Banka.Monetaryism is a view in economic theory that relies on the control of money supply and monetary mechanisms in order to achieve the economic policy goals, and this is primarily about price stability. Although monetaryism is no longer in fashion, today monetary policy is the central tool of stabilization policy in large market economies. Monetary policy is a system that controls the money supply by the central bank. Monetary policy consists of two policies, which are policies restricting the money supply where an increase in interest rates results in inflation and an expansionary monetary policy offers where a reduction in interest rates leads recession. This type of policy has several main and clearly set objectives, namely economic liquidity, monetary balance and stability of the local currency and its exchange rate. There are several types of monetary policy which are determined to GDP – an expansive, restrictive and neutral policy. The main institution of monetary policy is the central bank, and a central bank of the Republic of Croatia is the Croatian National Bank