FAILURE DIAGNOSIS OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS

Glavni cilj ovog rada je ukazati na moguće alarme i kvarove kod rada centrifugalnih pumpi te redoslijed eliminacije kvarova i alarma do načina razrješavanja navedenih poteškoća koje se javljaju kod brodskih sustava koji koriste centrifugalne pumpe. Osim kvarova i alarma opisan je princip rada centrifugalne pumpe, njezina konstrukcija te moguće izvedbe. Pojašnjen je i problem kavitacije kod centrifugalnih pumpi, uzrok i način njegove pojave te način na koji ga možemo izbjeći. Opisan je i način puštanja u rad koji se znatno razlikuje od ostalih vrsta pumpi te moguće neispravnosti u radu centrifugalnih pumpi. Primjer kvarova i rješavanje problema kod centrifugalnih pumpi preuzet je iz jednog brodskog priručnika. Objašnjena je funkcija brtvenica i ležajeva kod centrifugalnih pumpi. Na kraju rada protumačena je uloga samousisnog uređaja kod centrifugalnih pumpi te postupak časnika stroja kod pojave alarma na određenim sustavima s centrifugalnim pumpama. Za primjer prikazana su tri slučaja, a postupak je objašnjen preko dijagrama toka.The main purpose of this work is to point to possible alarms and failures in the operation of centrifugal pumps and the order of elimination of faults and alerts in order to solve the mentioned problems encountered in ship systems using a centrifugal pump. Apart from malfunctions and alarms, the principle of centrifugal pump operation, its construction and possible performance are described. The problem of cavitation in centrifugal pumps is also explained, the cause and the way of its occurrence and the way in which it can be avoided. There is also a description of their mode of operation that is significantly different from other types of pumps and possible defects in the work of centrifugal pumps. An example of trouble shooting and remedies is taken from a ship's manual. The function of seals and bearings in centrifugal pumps is explained. At the end of the work it’s interpreted the role of a self-priming device and the procedure of the engineer on watch in the occurrence of alarms on certain systems with centrifugal pumps. Three cases are presented as example and the procedure is explained through the flowchart