SUBMARINE FIBRE OPTICS NETWORK : SECURITY AND PROTECTION

Podmorski optički kabeli kritična su infrastruktura iz razloga što su oni neophodni za gotovo čitavi svjetski prijenos podataka i informacija. Upravo iz tog razloga potrebna je pravna zaštita kako bi se kablove zaštitilo od raznih ljudskih aktivnosti ali i donošenje nacionalnih propisa o pravnim odnosima subjekata na moru kako prilikom, ali i nakon polaganja kablova, kako ne bi dolazilo do meĎunarodnih sporova. Polaganje kablova je proces koji zahtjeva prije samog polaganja istraţivanje rute kako bi se odabrala najbolja trasa za polaganje odnosno najpogodnije morsko dno da se što manje ostavi trajnih posljedica. Nakon polaganja, podmorskim kablovima najviše opasnosti prijeti od ljudskih aktivnosti poput koćarenja ili sidrenja te od različitih prirodnih katastrofa poput tsunamija ili potresa. S obzirom na veliku vaţnost, ali i veliku prijetnju koju imaju podmorski kablovi potrebna im je dodatna zaštita, kako pravna tako i infrastrukturna, jer ipak, podmorski svjetlovodni kablovi su sadašnjost, ali i budućnost prijenosa podataka u svijetu.Submarine fibre optic cables are critical infrastructure because they are essential for almost all of the world's data and information transfer. For this reason, legal protection is needed to protect the cables from various human activities and the adoption of national legislation on the legal relations of subjects at sea as during and after the cables are laid in order to avoid international disputes. Laying cables is a process that requires research before laying in order to select the best route for the most suitable seabed to leave as little as possible permanent consequences After laying, most dangerous submarine cables threats are comming from human activities such as trawling and anchoring and from various natural disasters such as tsunamis or earthquakes. Considering great importance, but also a huge threat that have submarine cables, they need extra protection, such as legal and also infrastructure, because submarine fiber optic cables are present, and future of data transfer in the world