Endokrini disruptori i debljina

Povećana incidencija debljine postaje ozbiljan globalni javnozdravstveni problem. Osim nezdrave prehrane i smanjene tjelesne aktivnosti razni kemijski spojevi koji se nalaze svuda oko nas mogu biti jedan od etioloških čimbenika razvoja debljine i njene povećane incidencije. Kemijski spojevi koji ometaju rad hormonalnog sustava čovjeka nazivaju se endokrini disruptori. U skupinu endokrinih disruptora spadaju obezogeni koji ometaju normalan razvoj i ravnotežu metabolizma lipida. Razdoblje ranog razvoja (in utero, novorođenčad) je najosjetljiviji period i izloženost ploda obezogenima tijekom tog razdoblja putem mlijeka ili preko posteljice može biti predisponirajući čimbenik za razvoj debljine u odrasloj dobi. Obezogeni su sastavni dio kozmetike, elektronike, plastike, ali se nalaze i u zraku, vodi i hrani koju svakodnevno konzumiramo. Trenutno je u svijetu poznato dvadeset spojeva za koje se zna da utječu na razvoj debljine. Iako je trenutno znanje o endokrinim disruptorima usporedivo s „vrhom sante leda“, endokrini disruptori se smatraju novim globalnim problemom današnjice. S aspekta suočavanja s epidemijom debljine posebno je važno uspostaviti kontrolu nad obezogenima i pokušati spriječiti ili barem ograničiti izloženost ljudi, posebice djece i trudnica tim opasnim spojevima.The increasing incidence of obesity is a global public health problem. In addition to unhealthy diet and reduced physical activity various chemical compaunds that are found all around us may be one of the etiological factors of obesity development and its increased incidence. Endocrine disruptors are chemicals that can interfere with the endocrine system and disrupt hormonally regulated metabolic processes. Obesogens are subclass of endocrine disruptors that can disrupt normal development and homeostasis of lipid metabolism. Early development (in utero, newborns) is the most vulnerable period for obesogen exposure. Developmental exposure to obesogens occurs through maternal diet and interaction with products that can cross the placental barrier or transmitted through breast milk. Obesogens can be found in cosmetics, electronics, plastic, but also in air, water and food that people consume. There are twenty confirmed compounds that increase obesity risk in adulthood. Although current knowledge about endocrine disruptors is comparable with the „top of the iceberg“, endocrine disruptors are considered as a new global problem. In terms of dealing with the epidemic of obesity, it is of particular importance to establish control over obesogens and try to prevent or at least limit the exposure of people, especially children and pregnant women, to these dangerous compounds