Teorija društvenog ugovora Thomasa Mobbesa

Cilj ovoga rada je predstaviti teoriju društvenog ugovora engleskog političkog filozofa Thomasa Hobbesa. Teorija se izlaţe počevši od koncepcije ljudske prirode općenito te potom Hobbesove teorije ljudske prirode. On smatra da je čovjek voĎen nagonima, glavni od kojih je nagon za preţivljavanjem, kako bi stekao što mu je potrebno – kako trenutno tako i u budućnosti – za produţetak ţivota. Potom se izlaţe koncepcija prirodnog stanja koje je za Hobbesa stanje konstantnog rata svakog protiv svakoga zbog sukoba interesa i nedostatka vrhovne vlasti. U tom stanju svatko ima pravo na sve pa tako i na otimačinu, ubojstvo itd. Naposlijetku slijedi sama teorija društvenog ugovora, sporazuma kojim se pojedinci slaţu podvrgnuti apsolutnom vladaru kako bi zaštitili vlastiti ţivot od drugih pojedinaca, kako ne bi morali ţivjeti u konstantnom strahu te kako bi mogli steći osobnu imovinu koju im nitko neće oteti. KljučneThe aim of this paper is to present the theory of the social contract as presented by the English political philosopher Thomas Hobbes. The theory is presented starting from the concept of human nature in general and then followed by Hobbes' theory of human nature. He believes that a man is driven by instincts, chief of which is the survival instinct, in order to gain what he needs - both now and in the future – to prolong his life. After that, the concept of the natural state is presented, which for Hobbes is the state of perpetual war of all against all because of the conflict of interests and the lack of the supreme authority. In this state, everyone has the right to everything, including robbery, murder etc. Finally comes the theory of the social contract itself, an agreement by which individuals agree to subject to the absolute ruler in order to protect their own lives from the other individuals, to not have to live in constant fear and in order to be able to acquire personal property that no one will rob them of