Bioretentions and sustainable drainage systems in urban landscapes

Održivi sustavi odvodnje, kao dio načela zelene infrastrukture, prepoznati su u svijetu kao kompetentan odgovor na sve brže i ekstremnije klimatske promjene. Unošenjem zelene infrastrukture u postojeće sustave takozvane sive infrastrukture, poboljšavamo funkcije samog sustava i ostvarujemo višestruke dobiti, zahvaljujući zakonu višestruke funkcionalnosti. Tako na primjer, u slučaju biljnog uređaja, voda koju se skupi sa raznih površina istovremeno se uklanja i pročišćava što joj podiže kvalitetu. Osim toga, stvaramo fizički prostor koji je stanište ostalim vrstama koje obitavaju na tome području. U radu se obrađuje način ugrađivanja elemenata zelene infrastrukture u postojeći prostor koji zauzima vodeni tok potoka Kustošak. Na tom se predmetnom prostoru, koji se proteže od obronaka Medvednice do rijeke Save, biraju segmenti koji su najpogodniji za implementiranje zelenih infrastrukturnih zahvata imajući u vidu postojeću infrastrukturnu mrežu. Elementi zelene oborinske infrastrukture korišteni u radu su biljni uređaji, bioretencije i kišni vrtovi. Kombinacijom ovih triju elemenata u prostoru postignut je bolji sklad između oblikovanog i izgrađenog. Omogućeno je bolje upravljanje vodama koje nastaju za velikih oborina, uključujući bujice koje su česta pojava na Medvedničkim potocima. Samo vodeno tijelo i vodeni tok bolje su distribuirani u prostoru, stvarajući tako nove boravišne prostore međusobno povezane stazama. Također se podiže razina kvalitete življenja okolnih stanara zahvaljujući povećanju boravišnih kvaliteta prostora. Ovaj rad usmjeren je ka rješenjima koja će u budućnosti pomoći nositi se s okolišnim uvjetima.Green stormwater management infrastructure is recognized as the one of the best solutions to never bigger changing climate issues. Thanks to multifunctionality that is found in Nature, green infrastructure offers many services to the environment and people on any area. In addition to that, we can take bioswales for example of how to manage storm water as to purify it on site and at the same time retaining it on site long enough to allow the process of purification to happen with the help of plants. Besides that, we are creating a space not just for humans, but for all of the other species living on the same area. In this thesis the area of the creek Kustošak is being observed as potential urban area for integrating green infrastructure elements throughout the whole flow, from the dam to the inlet in Vrapčak creek. In that area, the best locations were selected to show the preposition of building bioretentions, bioswales and rain gardens along the flow. It was made to upgrade existing grey infrastructure and to improve their performance due to existing water management needs. The last segment of proposal for on how to integrate green infrastructure in existing city landscape around the Kustošak creek came as a park with separate areas, each having their own theme. For example, the kinetic energy theme, or kid’s playground in Robinson’s Crusoe type of play elements and so on. There is also one area with accent on sound, with gadgets installed in space that are making some kind of sounds, with help from kinetic energy harvested from wind blowing. There’s also an educational note throughout the whole space that is teaching us about water treatments, what has happened in the past of the creek and about the past of city of Zagreb. This thesis is oriented towards future conditions of environment and the implementation of sustainable drainage systems through solutions provided in this thesis