Permaculture design of traditional gardens of nature Park Lonjsko polje

Permakultura je harmonična integracija ljudi i krajolika, koja na održivi način osigurava hranu, energiju, sklonište te zadovoljava ostale ljudske materijalne i nematerijalne potrebe. Odlikuje ju bioraznolikost, stabilnost i održivost prirodnih ekosustava. Kod permakulturnog dizajniranja okućnica se dijeli na zone prema učestalosti ljudskog djelovanja i načinu korištenja. Ciljevi ovog rada su utvrditi principe permakulturnog dizajna, raspored tradicionalnih seoskih okućnica na području Parka prirode Lonjsko polje te procijeniti u kojoj su mjeri tradicijske okućnice na području Parka prirode Lonjsko polje u skladu s permakulturnim dizajnom. Pregledom literature i terenskim istraživanjem utvrđeno je da se tradicijske okućnice na području Parka prirode Lonjsko polje sastoje od objekata građenih prirodnim materijalima, a zone poljoprivredne djelatnosti su jasno određene (uzgoj jednogodišnjih kultura, držanja životinja, održavanje višegodišnjih nasada, trajno gospodarenje šumama) i većinom u skladu s permakulturnim dizajnom.Permaculture is the harmonious integration of people and landscape, which in a sustainable way provides food, energy, shelter and satisfies all other human material and non-material needs. Permaculture is characterized by biodiversity, stability and sustainability of natural ecosystems. According to the permaculture design, farmyard is divided into zones by frequency of human activity in it and the way of its utilization. The objectives of this paper are to determine the principles of permaculture design, the layout of the traditional farmyard in the area of nature Park Lonjsko polje and to assess the extent to which the traditional farmyards in the area of nature Park Lonjsko polje are in accordance with permaculture design. According to the literature review and field research it was determined that the traditional farmyards in the area of nature Park Lonjsko polje consist of objects built with natural materials, and that the zones of agricultural activities are clearly defined (cultivation of annual crops, keeping of animals, maintenance of perennial crops, permanent forest management) and mostly in accordance with the principals of permaculture design