The theoretical analysis of the phenomenon of anticipation in psychology

© Author(s).At the modern stage one of the urgent tasks of development of psychology and pedagogy is the study of the basic directions, trends and developmental priorities of research of the specifics of psychological indicators of anticipation of people with whose mental development corresponds to age norms and persons with intellectual and mental disabilities. The aim of the article is to study the features of anticipational activity in conditions of normal mental development and its disorders. The leading approach to the study of this issue are the provisions of system-functional approach of anticipation as a phenomenon that permeates all levels of psychic reflection of reality and having a multi-level structure. All the analysis of studies on the anticipation shows that the problem of anticipation in conditions of disontogenesis, in different conditions of age-specific activities, in the structure of latent deviance remains understudied. Anticipation in preschool and school age in the conditions of a scarce type of mental dysontogenesis is not enough studied both theoretically and experimentally, although the magnitude of the problem is clearly understood. The practical importance of the undertaken theoretical research is that the described disorders of the forecasting process can be considered as a differential diagnostic criterion for assessing the risk of further violations of socialization and development