Cognitive factors concerned in the rating of game performance of basketball players <Articles>

本研究の目的は, バスケットボールプレーヤーのゲーム能力に関与する認知的要因を見いだすことであった。認知的要因として, バスケットボールという特定種目に関するものと情報処理様式における個人差に関するものとを検討した。特定種目に関する認知的要因として, 場面把握, プレー選択反応時間, プレー選択, 予測, プレー選択の速さと正確さの5つを設定した。また, 個人差を示す認知的要因として, 場依存/場独立, 熟慮型/衝動型の認知型を用いた。さらに, これらの認知的要因とは別に, 個人の経験月数も尋ねた。被験者は, 男子プレーヤー17名, 女子プレーヤー14名であった。 その結果, 男子ではプレー選択反応時間が, 女子ではプレー選択がゲーム能力に関与する重要な要因であることが明らかになった。一方, プレーヤー個人のゲーム能力に対する2つの認知型の明確な関与は見いだされなかった。The purpose of this study was to find out the cognitive factors concerned in the rating of game performance of basketball players. It examined the cognitive factors related to specific event of basketball and to individual differences in the information proccessing style. The five cognitive factors of specific events that were assessed included the positional grasp of players', the reaction time to select the play, the accuracy of selected play, the prediction of game situations after the play selected, and the speed and accuracy of the selected play. And, it used the two cognitive styles of field dependence/field independence and reflection/impulsivity to indicate the existence of individual differences. Furthermore, the subjects were also asked about the number months of playing experience they possess. The subjects included 17 male and 14 female players. As a result, it was found out in this study that the reaction tine to select the play in male players and the accuracy of the selected play in female players is an important factor concernned in the rating of game performance. On the other hand, it was found that two cognitive styles are not concerned in the rating of game performance