A review of studies on persuasion from the viewpoint of the Elaboration Likelihood Model (1)

The purpose of this paper was to review studies on persuasion from the viewpoint of the Elaboration Likelihood Model based on Petty & Wegener (1998). The paper consists of the following four parts. 1. Introduction. 2. Multiple roles for persuasion variables. 3. Source variables: (1) credibility (expertise, trustworthiness), (2) attractiveness/likableness, (3) power, (4) additional source factors related to credibility, liking and power (speed of speech, demographic variables, majority/minority status, similarity to receiver), (5) number of sources. 4. Message variables: (1) message topic, position and style (issue-relevance/importance, position/discrepancy, conclusion drawing, use of rhetorical questions), (2) message content (argument quality, argument quantity, positive versus negative framing of arguments, fear-threat appeals, emotion versus reason in message, one-versus two-sided message), (3) message organization