Complex planning strategy of the landscape in state parks of Lithuania

Straipsnyje aktualizuojama kraštovaizdžio planavimo problema. Problemos analizei apibūdinama valstybinio parko samprata, planavimo valstybiniuose parkuose aktualijos, atsižvelgiant į užsienio šalių patirtį, numatoma kraštovaizdžio planavimo strategija. Kraštovaizdžio planavimas, kaip nurodo Kraštovaizdžio politikos krypčių aprašas, yra strateginiais ir teritorijų planavimo dokumentais išreikšti ir patvirtinti į ateitį orientuoti veiksmai, kuriais siekiama išsaugoti, tobulinti, atkurti arba kurti kraštovaizdį (Lietuvos..., 2004). Kraštovaizdžio planavimo raida Lietuvoje yra labai dinamiška. Kiekvienas kraštovaizdžio planavimo etapas siejamas su socialinėmis, ekonominėmis, politinėmis sąlygomis. Darbas aktualus, nustatant kraštovaizdį formuojančio kompleksinio planavimo sampratą, jo vykdymo iššūkius, aktualijas, planavime dalyvaujančiųjų kompetenciją, poreikius, galimybes, santykį su kitomis gyvenimo veiklomis planavimo priemonių taikymą.Landscape planning is an important state or any particular regional or district‘s economic and social development tool. Landscape planning objects include: bodies of water, forests, cultivated, uncultivated fields, transportation systems and so on. Planning of public parks, i.e. exclusively valuable landscape, it is necessary to remember that the landscape will be represented not by individual buildings or individual nature of the territory, but by the complex components of the landscape - the roadways, land relief forms, greenery, bodies of water, buildings, land tenure objects. Political, environmental protection system and planning traditions create country-specific patterns of landscape planning, and landscape planning is associated with different areas of life and can be carried out depending on the peculiarities of the city, town or even rural areas. In addition to these differences, landscape planning in all countries shares common aspirations - landscape planning is intended to develop the overall site planning, including environmental protection and aesthetic purposes. However, most of the activities are not consistent due to the large number of people involved in the planning, so the landscape changes can be a bit chaotic (Antrop, 1998). After evaluating the positive and negative experiences of foreign countries, Lithuania must form a coherent strategic planning system covering urban and municipal development plans, which are an integral part of regional development (Arimavičiūtė, 2011). The analysis of sustainable landscaping is important for specialized application of the sustainable development concept – sustainable architecture, sustainable design, sustainable construction, sustainable landscape architecture and so o