Psychology of culture: imagining communities in the post-communist Lithuania

Straipsnis skiriamas kultūros psichologijos kaip mokslinės disciplinos sukūrimo galimybių analizei. Jame nagrinėjamas kultūros psichologijos santykis su kultūrine ir tarpkultūrine psichologija, svarstomos teorinės ir praktinės naujos kultūros tyrimų krypties išskyrimo galimybės. Daugiausiai straipsnyje remiamasi Carlo Gustavo Jungo idėjomis, jo mokymu apie vaizduotės vaidmenį pasaulio ar, siauresne prasme, kultūros kūrimo procese. Pirmoje straipsnio dalyje formuluojamos teorinės tyrimo prielaidos, antroje, remiantis jomis, analizuojami kai kurie pokomunistinės Lietuvos kultūros bruožai. Šioje dalyje nagrinėjamos kaip bendros visai Vakarų kultūrai - katalikų, realios politikos šalininkų, hedonistų, dharmos valkatų, kompiuterinių žaidimų žaidėjų, taip ir specifinės Lietuvai - rezistentų ir rūpintojėlių bendruomenės. Straipsnyje teigiama, jog kai kurie dviejų pastarųjų bendruomenių nariai patiria stiprią kolektyvinių kompleksų įtaką. Pirmu atveju tai lietuvybės, antru - tėvo Gorijo kompleksas.The article analyses the opportunities of creating psychology of culture as a scientific discipline. It looks at the psychology of culture relationship with cultural and intercultural psychology, considers theoretical and practical ways of expansion of traditional culture research methods. The article is mostly based on Carl Gustav Jung ideas, in particular, his teaching on the role of imagination in creation of the world, or in a narrower sense, of the cultural process. The theoretical assumptions of the research are formulated in the first part of the study, according to which the analysis of some postcommunist Lithuania culture traits in the second part of the study is performed. The article states that the human imagination is a major mental capacity which develops and supports the world. The creative process in such a case is seen as a birth and spread of certain imaginative contents, the goal of which is to make individual contents into collective imagination. The group of people who not only use the same language, but also create the same or similar imaginative contents, can be called the imagining community. Culture is the process by which the imagining communities create the imaginary worlds. The analysis of these constantly emerging, changing and evolving imagining communities and the imaginary worlds they create is the main task for psychology of culture at this field of research. The article examines imagining communities that are common to all the Western world, as well as Lithuanian-specific ones. Attributable to the first type are the Catholics’, supporters’ of real politics, hedonists’, dharma bums’, computer game players', while to the second type - Lithuanian folk art stalwarts’, resistance fighters’, rūpintojėlių (careful ones] imagining communities. The article states that some members of the latter two communities are experiencing a strong influence of collective complexes. On the one hand, it is the complex of the Lithuanianess, on the second - the one of Father Goriot. What is more, homo sovieticus mental traits remaining from the Soviet times play a certain role in the life of Lithuanians as well