Public interest and legitimate expectations in the financing of political parties: general and specific aspects

Viešojo intereso ir teisėtų lūkesčių identifikavimo bei balansavimo tematika gali būti analizuojama ir nuolat aktualizuojama įvairiose teisėkūros srityse, tarp jų – politinių partijų finansavimo reglamentavime. Šis teisės sistemos posistemis pasižymi neįprastai dinamiška raida ir jos kaita, ypač juridinių asmenų aukų eliminavimu, gyventojo pajamų mokesčio fiksuotos procentinės dalies skyrimo instrumentalizavimu, juo labiau kasmetinių valstybės biudžeto dotacijų didinimu. Šiais ir kitais aspektais pasireiškianti partijų finansavimo skaidrumo ir patvarumo siekiamybė gali būti nevienareikšmiškai vertinama būtent viešojo intereso ir teisėtų lūkesčių prieigos (su tuo susijusios apibrėžties, tipologijos) požiūriu. Šios analizės tikslas – susieti bendruosius viešojo intereso, taip pat teisėtų lūkesčių sampratos probleminius aspektus ir jų specifinius atspindžius dualistinio pobūdžio partijų finansavimo (privačiomis ir viešosiomis lėšomis) reglamentavime.The topics of the identification and balance of the public interest and legitimate expectations may be analysed and continuously updated in various law-making areas, including the regulation of the financing of political parties. This area of the legal system of the Republic of Lithuania is characterised by unusually dynamic development and its change, in particular, by the elimination of donations, which were considered to be legal for many years, from legal persons to political parties and their election campaigns; innovative instrumentalisation of the allocation of the fixed percentage share [...] The striving for the transparency and sustainability of the financing of political parties, which takes the form in the above-mentioned and other aspects, may be subject to an ambiguous assessment namely in respect of the definition and harmonisation (typology) of the public interest and legitimate expectations. Therefore, it is important to link the general aspects of the concept of the public interest to the problematic aspects of the insights (conception) of legitimate expectations and their specific reflections in the regulation of the dual financing (by private and public funds) of political parties. It should be noted that the legitimate expectations of political parties, like analogous expectations of other persons, stem from the legal norms that are formulated with sufficient precision and from individual governing acts that are based on them, as well as from real opportuni¬ties to commence and a fortiori complete the procedure that is already pending in order to implement the rights consolidated in the said norms (among other things, in order to realise the right, acquired in accordance with election results, to participate in the distribution of the annual state budget appropriation)