The analysis of corruption categories.

This article attempts to qualify categories of modern corruption in all areas of public life. The author of this article aims at classifying the categories of corruption on the basis of decisions made by corrupt individuals with regard to state management, public administration and private sector. It is important to look at corruption through the eyes of the corrupt individual who is authorized to make certain decision and of the individual who is interested in gaining certain benefit while they carry out their corrupt interchange. On the basis of this approach six categories of corrupt relationship are defined. Three of them are called extra-categories- this is corruption that manifests itself only among public servants, politicians and entrepreneurs. Often these corruption categories are undermined with regard to the others as they very rarely manifest themselves and facts come to light also very rarely, however, from the scientific point of view they are no less important than others. Many explanatory models of corruption may easily be fitted in this qualification system with participation of corruption subjects (administrative decision-making process) in unlawful corrupt interchange as a starting point. The list of decision-making processes bearing features of corrupt practices is inexhaustible, however, all categories obviously lack introduction of and compliance with principles of integrity, accountability and openness in public and private sectors. The national legislation (e.g., codes of conduct) should provide for these humanistic principles.Įvairūs korupcijos reiškinio tyrinėtojai skirtingai skirsto korupcijos formas. Kartais jos tapatinamos su korupcijos rūšimis ir atmainomis. Šio straipsnio autorės tikslas – suklasifikuoti korupcijos kategorijas remiantis korumpuotų asmenų priimamais sprendimais tiek valstybinio valdymo, tiek viešojo administravimo, tiek privataus sektoriaus atžvilgiu. Svarbu į korupciją pažvelgti per korumpuoto asmens, kuris įgaliotas priimti tam tikrą sprendimą, ir kito, tam tikra nauda suinteresuoto asmens, elgesio prizmę jiems dalyvaujant korupciniuose mainuose. Remiantis šiuo požiūriu apibūdinamos šešios korupcinių santykių kategorijos. Trys jų vadinamos ekstrakategorijomis – tai korupcija, pasireiškianti tiesiogiai tik tarp valstybės tarnautojų, politikų ar verslininkų. Dažnai šios ko-rupcijos kategorijos sumenkinamos kitų atžvilgiu dėl itin reto pasireiškimo ir faktų iškėlimo į viešumą, tačiau moksliniu požiūriu yra ne mažiau svarbios nei kitos