Children's social education through cooperation and communication

Ikimokyklinio amžiaus vaikų grupinę veiklą sunkina konkurenciniai veiksmai, pasireiškiantys įvairiais konfliktais. Straipsnyje bandėme aptarti ikimokyklinukų (S - 6 m.) socialinių gebėjimų ugdymo optimalias pedagogines psichologines sąlygas ir ypatumus, sudarėme metodiką, vedėme eksperimentinį mokymą ir patikrinome suformuotų kooperacijos ir bendradarbiavimo gebėjimų perkėlimo į natūralią vaikų veiklą grupelėse ypatumus.Children's needs and interests haven't been valued in pre-school institutions of Lithuania so far while organizing practical activity. The aim of the work is to find out peculiarities in little children's (senior pre-school age) group activity in small groups, trying to achieve common group activity aims and determine optimum psychological, pedagogical conditions and peculiarities in the formation of children's cooperative activity skills and abilities. At first we tried to reveal common peculiarities of pre-school children's interaction which were formed in traditional day nursery activities. Having modified M. Madsen's "Cooperation board", which is a homeostat us for 4 under research, we have fixed competitive activities and other parameters (preliminary planning, distribution of function, leadership, linguistic communication, conflicting situations, etc.) and determined, that children at such age cannot act in a group if they did not undergo any special training; besides they do not have organization skills. Approximately 2/3 of interaction activity is competition and conflicts. Referring to the conformities of psychological learning theory we prepared the methods in teaching cooperative activity skills formation. We have used the mentioned above M. Madsen "Cooperation board" in teaching practice and organized practical children's activity in small groups in natural surroundings of turned out that sufficient cooperative skills and abilities could be achieved after 7 practical trainings. Control checking after 3 months showed that in group activity based of cooperation cooperative skills and abilities are stable enough and could be transferred to any other different activity, the number of conflicting and competitive activities decreasing at the same time