Продуктивная занятость как способ преодоления бедности среди работающего населения

Стаття присвячена дослідженню взаємозв’язку між бідністю та продуктивною зайнятістю населення. Запропоновано авторське визначення «продуктивної зайнятості» на мікро- та макрорівнях. Досліджено динаміку основних соціально-економічних показників зайнятості, безробіття та бідності в Україні за 2001-2013 рр., у тому числі рівнів бідності за соціально-демографічними групами. Доведено взаємозв’язок між продуктивною зайнятістю населення та бідністю.The article investigates the relationship between poverty and productive employment. The author proposes to distinguish between «productive employment» at the micro- and macrolevels. Productive employment at micro-level is economically purposive activity of an individual (or enterprise workforce), which is aimed to create competitive products and profit-making that can cover renewal of fixed assets, expand reproduction of labor power and provide harmonious development of personality. Productive employment at the macro-level is a socially useful activity, which is accompanied by rational use of economic resources and a high level of productivity, aimed to create competitive goods, getting the most outcome that could provide production modernization, reproduction and accumulation of capital resources (physical, financial and human). Dynamics of the main socio-economic indicators of employment, unemployment and poverty during 2001-2013 years, poverty levels of socio-demographic groups are studied in the work. It is proved that there is a kind of relationship between productive employment and poverty. Poverty reduction among labor force is possible with the expanding quality of employment and creation of high-performance workplaces. The government should focus not only on reducing the level of unemployment, but also try to decrease deficit of productive employment as among the working poor and the unemployed. In the center of attention should not be just creating jobs, but also ensuring the decent working conditions and wages, that will help to provide an effective labor force reproduction. The decisive role in providing of productive employment must play the macroeconomic policy directed to ensuring the activities of competitive enterprises, maximum using of opportunities employment among economically vulnerable groups, social dialogue and investing education, health and social infrastructure. Productive employment in Ukraine is possible only with modernization and reform of economy, creation of a sufficient number of high-end jobs at full employment, elimination of arrears of wages and social assistance; introduction of mechanisms for the withdrawal of shadow incomes; social protection of vulnerable groups (youth, disabled, single mothers, parents who have many children, elderly, etc.).Статья посвящена исследованию взаимосвязи между бедностью и продуктивной занятостью населения. Предложено авторское определение «продуктивной занятости» на микро- и макроуровне. Исследована динамика основных социально-экономических показателей занятости, безработицы и бедности в Украине 2001-2013гг., в том числе уровней бедности по социально-демографическим группам. Доказана взаимосвязь между продуктивной занятостью населения и бедностью