Verslo rizikos analizės metodologija ir jos praktinis taikymas globalioje rinkoje veikiančiose įmonėse

[...] Straipsnio tikslas – nustatyti rizikos analizės metodologiją ir palyginti Lietuvoje veikiančių rizikos valdymo įmonių atliekamus rizikos analizės proceso etapus. Tikslui pasiekti iškelti šie uždaviniai: remiantis autorių nuomonėmis, pateikti rizikos analizės apibrėžimą; nustatyti rizikos analizės ir rizikos valdymo procesų skirtumus; nusakyti literatūroje analizuojamų rizikos analizės metodų esmę, rizikos analizės proceso etapus; rekomenduoti apibendrintą rizikos analizės proceso modelį rizikos valdymo proceso kontekste; pateikti kiekybinių ir kokybinių rizikos analizės metodų pranašumus ir trūkumus; įvertinti Lietuvos rizikos valdymo įmonių atliekamos rizikos analizės procesų etapų panašumus ir skirtumus. Straipsnio objektas – rizikos analizė globalioje rinkoje veikiančiose įmonėse. Tyrimo metodika apima sisteminę literatūros analizę, skirtingų autorių siūlomų ir Lietuvos įmonių taikomų rizikos analizės metodų bei procesų etapų lyginamąją analizę.[...] Atlikus sisteminę literatūros analizę, padarytos tokios išvados. Globalizacija ir Lietuvos integracija į pasaulinę rinką, kaip ir visi nauji reiškiniai, padidina rizikos laipsnį ekonomine veikla užsiimančioms įmonėms, tačiau Lietuvos ir užsienio mokslininkai pripažįsta, kad iki šiol vienareikšmiškos nuomonės dėl rizikos analizės sampratos, jos metodų klasifikavimo, rizikos analizės proceso etapų skirstymo nėra. Remiantis skirtingų autorių nuomonėmis dėl rizikos analizės proceso etapų skirstymo, buvo sudarytas apibendrinantis rizikos analizės proceso modelis rizikos valdymo proceso kontekste.[...].One of the most important aspects which guarantee successful work of a company, i.e. risk analysis is considered. The exploration of risk analysis is essential both theoretically and practically as it reduces the risk of loss, venturesome dealings and harm for a company’s good will. The shortage of both theoretical and practical knowledge about risk, processes of risk analysis and its stages prevent companies from business development both locally and internationally. The exploration of this field is even more relevant because there is no clear and unanimous concept of risk analysis which would be accepted both by scientists and business environment. At present, the conception of risk analysis of authorities, various institutions and foreign and Lithuanian scientist differs greatly. Risk analysis is distinguished by the variety of methods, their complexity and lengthening time of their implementation. The classification of methods may also vary greatly whereas reasons (advantages and disadvantages) for such classification are explained differently by scientists. Meanwhile, companies face real practical problem how to choose a method which could be the most appropriate and conforming to company’s financial possibilities. The perception that risk analysis is a very complex and responsible process during which risk should be identified, assessed, analyzed and estimated, i.e. to manage, encourage companies to assign this process for professionals, i.e. specialized companies of risk analysis, the launching of which increased as there was the gap in the market in this field. The aim of the article is to work out the methodology of risk analysis and to compare the stages of risk analysis process used by Lithuanian risk management analysis companies. Having performed the analysis of scientific literature and summarized various approaches, risk analysis as a constituent part of risk management concept is presented, method groups and types of risk analysis, stages of individual method processes are discerned as well as advantages and disadvantages of qualitative and quantitative risk analysis methods are explored. […] The investigation is conducted using the data of three Lithuanian companies: SC Compservis, PriceWater-HouseCoopers/Lietuva and SC Synergy Consulting. The aim of the investigation was twofold: 1) to find out what risk analysis methods and stages are applied by risk analysis companies; 2) to compare the essential stages of risk analysis process which are described theoretically and applied practically and to identify their similarities and differences. The results of investigation were: 1) Lithuanian risk analysis companies more often apply qualitative risk analysis methods than quantitative ones; 2) the stages of SC Synergy Consulting and SC Compservis risk analysis process (asset identification and valuation, threats assessment, vulnerabilities assessment and risk identification and its evaluation) are the same and identical to the stages of risk analysis discerned by R.K. Rainer, J.R. Charles A. Snyder, Houston H. Carr (1991); Sharon Halliday, Karin Badenhorst, Rossouw von Solms (1996