Damage compensation in the context of alternative punishment

Straipsnyje nagrinėjamas žalos atlyginimo veiksmingumas taikant ir vykdant bausmes, nesusijusias su laisvės atėmimu. Todėl pirmiausia stengiamasi pagrįsti žalos atlyginimo vertybinę orientaciją baudžiamojoje justicijoje. Analizuojamos įstatymo nuostatos dėl žalos atlyginimo reikalavimų, keliamų nuteistiesiems taikant su laisvės atėmimu nesusijusias bausmes. Straipsnyje bandoma įvertinti bausmių, nesusijusių su laisvės atėmimu, taikymui ir vykdymui keliamų įstatymo reikalavimų įtaką žalos atlyginimo statistikas rodikliams. Siekiama nustatyti, koks egzistuoja priežastinis ryšys tarp įstatymo reikalavimų, keliamų bausmių, nesusijusių su laisvės atėmimu, taikymui ir vykdymui imperatyvumo ir žalos atlyginimo veiksmingumo. Analizuojama teismų praktika ir jos įtaką žalos atlyginimo veiksmingumui taikant bausmes, nesusijusias su laisvės atėmimu.This article presents an analysis of the problem of the damage compensation in the criminal law and the juridical practice. The compensation of the damage, caused by criminal acts, is presumed as one of the main purposes of criminal justition and in the same time is a very important criterium of the effectiveness of the juridical system. According to the recommendations of the European Commission, there it is necessary to state the origin of a damage and evaluate the damage, include the compensation of the damage in the punishment, and state the priority of the damage compensation before the other kinds of the punishment. So the damage compensation should be involved as a part of the sentence. This condition is very important in order to restore the equilibrium, broken by crime, and also provide the punishment with the economic usefulness. Evidently, suspended sentence and the other kinds of punishment without isolation from community seemed to be the best way to give offender an opportunity to compensate damage. The statistic data enclosed illustrate, that in the sense of damage compensation the punishment within community is more effective, than imprisonment. But the sentence conditions depend on if the offender compensated the damage or not, and so to stimulate the compensation process. The statistic data also illustrate, that percentage of the damage compensated is greater, if conditions of suspended sentence is more imperative in the terms of compensation. The effectiveness of the damage compensation is influenced not only by criminal law, but also by court practice. After the term of suspension is ended, the court evaluates, if the sentenced acted correspondingly with the conditions of the sentence or not. If the sentenced has compensated the damage fully or partially, the sentence could be eliminated. The article also proposes an analysis of applying the law in some cases, contenting suspended sentence and condition of damage covering