Insights on implementation of quality management at higher education institutions.

Straipsnyje nagrinėjami aukštųjų mokyklų veiklos ir studijų kokybės vadybos klausimai globalizacijos ir internacionalizacijos sąlygomis. Darbe analizuojami studijų kokybei įtakos turintys Bolonijos proceso ir Tiuningo metodologijos dokumentai. Straipsnyje apibendrinta įvairių kokybės vadybos sistemų (KVS) įgyvendinimo aukštojo mokslo organizacijose teorija ir praktika, išanalizuota Europos universitetų patirtis, išryškintos Lietuvos aukštojo mokslo organizacijų KVS raidos galimybės. Sugretinti skirtingi KVS modeliai - ISO 9001, Europos aukštojo mokslo kokybės užtikrinimo standartai ir rekomendacijos, Europos kokybės vadybos fondo EFQM veiklos tobulumo modelio ir kiti reikalavimai. Ypač daug dėmesio skirta aukštųjų mokyklų kokybės kultūros formavimo, studentų kompetencijų užtikrinimo tarptautinių nuostatų, mokslo ir studijų integravimo, doktorantūros studijų kokybės gerinimo ir kt. klausimams. Apibūdinti veiksmingos KVS įgyvendinimo aukštojo mokslo ir studijų institucijoje pagrindiniai aspektai, pateikiami studijų kokybės tobulinimo ir universitetų veiklos plėtros pasiūlymai ir įžvalgos.The aim of this study is to show the importance of quality in the economics and social field and to highlight peculiarities, problems and interferences of education quality assurance at universities and colleges within the context of Bologna and Tuning methodology. Methodology: the paper is prepared using scientific, methodical literature and legal acts, documentation comparative analysis and case study methodology. The conclusions are based on the research as well as the experience of consultancy activities when developing quality management systems at Lithuanian universities and colleges. Particular attention is drawn to general and special competences and qualification requirements of bachelor's and master's degree. Quality of studies depends on such factors: management level of the activities of the universities, financing, up to date study programs, professional lecturers, training institutions, international integration of study programs, academic exchange of students and lecturers, evaluation of study quality, quality culture, clear system of motivation and others. These factors have to be assessed through the quality management system of universities or colleges and improvements need to be made. Most education institutions implementing quality management tools and principles confront with such major problems: complication of description of study quality concept and content; multiplicity of study quality indicators and their measurement and assessment delicacy; lack of skills using TQM concept, its principles, ISO 9001, EFQM, CEEMAN, EPAS, CAF management and accreditation models and quality methods; complication resolving university work into interdependent managed processes and process thinking formation; inertia and sometimes even resistance of a part of employees to fundamental changes. There are areas in higher education organizations that need specific attention in order to make impact to root causes instead of showing and tackling final consequences. The action plan needs to be developed by a top management to improve the system of assessment that could highlight relevant areas of improvement of main and supportive processes. Other proposals and insights for improvement of quality of high education were formulated