ネガティブ カンジョウ タイケン ノ コウゾウカ カイジ ガ シンシン キノウ ニ オヨボス エイキョウ : メタ ニンチ ノ カンテン カラ ノ メカニズム ケントウ

The purposes of this study were to examine the effects of structured disclosure to enhance cognitive reappraisal of negative emotional experience on health and working memory in a Japanese sample, and to investigate the effects of the structured disclosure in those who can “keep away from thinking and emotion” (distancing). The participants were 75 undergraduates. They were randomly assigned to structured disclosure (n=25), free disclosure, which was developed by Pennebaker, J. W. (n=25), and control groups (n=25). They were asked to disclose through writing for 20 minutes on 3 days. It is suggested that the structured disclosure may improve physical symptoms, because there was a significant trend in interaction between groups and time periods on physical symptoms, and effect size of the structured group was modest. Though all the participants in the groups revealed significantly improvements in other health measures and score of working memory from pre to 2 week, 1 month, and 3 month follow-up assessment times, no interaction effects were obtained. It is showed that those who could keep away from thinking and emotion while writing (high-distanced) can significantly improve scores of posttraumatic stress reactions and pain of the negative emotional experience than those who could not do so (low-distanced). These results and the mechanism of the disclosure were discussed from the view point of metacognition