運動習慣の違いが青年期男子学生の体格及び体力に及ぼす影響 : 3年間の縦断的資料に基づいて

The purposes of this study were to clarify the characteristics of growth and development of physique and physical fitness with age, and to determine the influence of the habitual exercise on physique and physical fitness using longitudinal data in adolescent male students. The physique tests (5 items) and sport tests (developed by the Ministry of Education) were administered annually in male students of freshman to senior grade enrolled in F National College of Technology in the period of 1985-1989. At the same time, the frequency of their recent exercise enforcement was examined. Students were classified into 4 groups based on the frequency of their exercise enforcement for 3 years: those doing exercise three days or more a week continuously for 3 years (HG), those doing exercise once or twice a week continuously for 3 years (MG), those doing exercise twice or less a month for 3 years (LG), those doing exercise once of more a week in the first and second grades but doing exercise twice or less a month in the third and fourth grades (IG). The longitudinal data of 384 students classified into 4 groups based on the frequency of their exercise enforcement for 3 years were used for this study. The main results can be summarized as follows: 1) Body linearity and body bulk become greater and muscular power and flexibility develop with age. But, a significant developing tendency with age for static strength is not recognized and endurance declines with age. 2) The continuous exercise enforcement seems to improve muscular power, flexibility and endurance. Further, it is inferred that the regular exercise in three days or more a week facilitates the development of muscular power and prevents from declining of endurance with age. 3) It seems that the interruption of the regular exercise habit increases fat and hinders the development of muscular power, and produced the sudden decline in endurance. 4) The continuous exercise enforcement in three days or more a week is inferred to produce balanced physical growth and development, but the lack of exercise in adolescent seems to bring on unbalanced physical growth and development such as the decline of endurance and the increase of fat