A Study On Operational Support for Job Competency-Based Assessment System for Lifelong Job Competency Development

본 연구의 목적은 평생직업능력개발을 위해 NCS(National Competency Standards) 구축과 NCS 기반 학습모듈 개발, NCS 기반 교육과정 개발 등을 토대로 직무능력평가제 운영과 직무능력표준이력서(가칭) 도입 방안을 제시하는 데 있다. 무엇보다 특성화고 졸업자를 대상으로 직무능력평가제 운영 기반 조성 및 NCS 기반 교육과정 운영 시 직무능력평가에 대비하여 단위학교에서의 운영 강화 방안을 마련하는 것에 있다. ‘학벌이 아닌 능력중심사회 만들기’ 추진 과제인 본 연구의 목적 달성을 위하여 다음과 같은 연구 목표를 설정하였다. 첫째, 평생직업능력개발을 위해 국내외 직무능력평가제 운영 현황을 분석한다. 둘째, 평생직업능력개발을 위해 NCS 기반 직무능력평가제 운영과 NCS 기반 직무능력표준이력서(가칭) 도입에 대한 이해당사자별 요구를 분석한다. 셋째, 평생직업능력개발을 위해 NCS 기반 직무능력평가제 운영 기반 지원 방안과 NCS 기반 직무능력표준이력서(가칭) 양식 제시와 도입을 위한 지원 방안을 도출한다.The purpose of this study is to come up withn a job competency-based assessment system operation plan to solve the problems with employment, promotion, and wage disparity according to the education of specialized high school graduates as a project to 'create the society focusing on competency, rather than on educational background'. According to the operation of the NCS-based curriculum which will be applied to all specialized high schools in 2016, this study tries to connect the operation of job competency assessment system with the introduction of job competency standard resume in accordance with the completion of NCS-based curriculum, and thereby make a lifelong career development path. When specialized high school graduates are recruited, school assessment results are simply used to understand students' sincerity. As a result, it was required to introduce achievement assessment system. Despite its introduction, it is hard to obtain objective and concrete information on students' aptitude and job competency-based achievement, because student records are not improved in parallel. To improve the problem, in association with the overall execution of NCS-based curriculum, it is urgent to operate NCS-based job competency-based assessment system which can be used to judge students' possibility for performing relevant jobs and their job competency in accordance with NCS achievement standards. This researcher surveyed and analyzed literatures and materials related to NCS and job competency assessment system to prepare theoretical grounds; conducted a questionnaire survey with 100 persons concerned, including the teachers in NCS-based curriculum test-operating schools (Gwangju Technical High School, Yangyoung Digital High School, Chungnam Mechanical Technical High School), relevant human resource managers in industries, NCS experts, and professors to investigate and analyze the requirements and contents of the job competency-based assessment system being applied to specialized high school graduates; and thereby emphasized the necessity of job competency assessment system. In addition, this researcher looked into evaluation standards, elements, and procedures of each company in the domestically currently operating job competency-based assessment system to analyze the industrial requirements of the NCS-based job competency assessment system operation. In this study, the overseas job competency-based assessment systems were analyzed. what needs to focus on NOS and NVQ in the UK is the way of evaluating the competency unit for qualification in their development stage. In addition, Australian competency-oriented system which is a sort of personal competency management system to help individuals train their core skills by finding their essential skills to be achieved is an example of the lifelong career development path that this study tried to pursue. The development and management of the national job competency standards in France is similar to the development of Korean NCS and NQF. In France, the degrees of school vocational education become certificates, and the training standards of the certificates are based on national job competency standards. In this sense, the nation develops and manages such a system. According to the analysis on the questionnaire survey for job competency assessment system operation support, relevant schools and industries failed to sufficiently promote NCS and NCS-based learning modules, NCS-based curriculum, and NCS job competency-based assessment system operation, and other relevant works. Given that, it is necessary to expand the recognition of them. Also, it was found that there were concerns over the strict assessment subjects and assessment standards for the operation of NCS-based curriculum and job competency-based assessment system, and for continuance, reliability and objectivity in the introduction of job competency standard resume, and that there was an opinion that it would be necessary to lay the foundation for the associated operation of NEIS and ICDP through the inter-department understanding. For the operation of job competency-based assessment system, this study proposed a plan for establishing the ICDP management system in association with NEIS and ICDP, and interacting with Edupot; suggested a job competency standard resume form in preparation for the paradigm of recruitment of specialized high school graduates, which will be changed by the overall execution of NCS-based curriculum; and thereby proposed a recruitment system which is used to show the application of students' competency on the basis of competency backup data. For the operation of the job competency-based assessment system and the introduction of job competency standard resume, it is necessary to have association with the existing government policy direction. The main association plans are presented as follows: the first one is to establish 'lifelong vocational education mater plan based on ‘Vocational Education and Training Promotion Act’; the second one is to operate the development of curriculum based on NCS and operate ‘Korean-styled field practice’; the third one is to reorganize a record card input method in the units of the competency and learning modules presented in NCS through the reorganization of NEIS record cards, and to distribute the resume form to enter the contents of performance assessment by individual NCS competency group, and expand the portfolio typed standard resume form for job competency-based assessment which can reflect NCS performance results; the fourth one is to introduce course completion based qualification system in which students acquire certificates through the completion of education and training without any separate test; the fifth one is to design, operate, and support the curriculum to operate NCS-based course completion system, and to introduce and consult the course completion curriculum for highly preferred and high-quality official certificates; the sixth is to expand the competency based recruitment environment through the use of NCS; the seventh is to develop and distribute the core job competency-based assessment model-「The assessment 'tool' for recruiting competency-oriented talented persons on the basis of NCS, consisting ①competency application (deletion of education column), ②competency test, and ③ competency interview (e.g., experience & situation interviews)」-for private businesses to perform competency-based recruitment; the eighth one is to improve an academic achievement display method in the way of providing students' achieved job competency information accurately for companies and thereby applying the information to job competency-based assessment system. This study proposes the main works to apply NCS-based curriculum and national job competency-based assessment system as follows: first, it is necessary to improve national qualification tests and redesign the types of national technical qualification; secondly, it is necessary to reorganize the test subjects of private certificates, support the improvements in test subjects and curriculum subjects for the registered certificates to which NCS can be applied, and support NCS introduction training and consulting for private certificate managers; thirdly, it is necessary to newly establish the certificates necessary for businesses as private ones; fourthly, it is necessary to open NCS development courses which are subject to academic credit bank system; fifthly, it is necessary to reorganize lifelong learning account system, and connect job competency based lifelong learning program completion with online e-portfolio for job finding; sixthly, it is necessary to prepare and activate legal grounds for accepting qualification exam, honorary degrees, and job competency-based education, and granting a degree. The ultimate purpose of the research on the job competency-based assessment operation support for lifelong job competency development with the study subjects of specialized high school graduates is to operate job competency-based assessment system according to NCS-based curriculum completion, and thereby expand the recruitment of high school graduates based on competency, rather than on educational background, and facilitate the reorganization of corporate recruitment, personnel, and wage systems through the use of NCS.요 약 제1장 서론_1 제1절 연구의 필요성과 목적 3 제2절 연구 내용과 방법 6 제3절 연구의 제한점 12 제2장 직무능력평가제 운영의 이론적 배경_15 제1절 직무능력평가의 철학적 고찰 17 제2절 국가직무능력표준(NCS)과 NCS 기반 교육과정에 따른 직무능력평가제 운영 배경 24 제3절 시사점 40 제3장 국내외 직무능력평가제 운영 현황_43 제1절 국내 직무능력평가제 운영 현황 45 제2절 국외 주요국의 직무능력평가제 운영 현황 63 제3절 시사점 108 제4장 직무능력평가제 운영 기반 지원 요구 분석_111 제1절 설문 구성 및 조사 방법 113 제2절 NCS 기반 직무능력평가제 운영 설문 분석 117 제3절 직무능력표준이력서(가칭) 도입 설문 분석 126 제4절 시사점 132 제5장 직무능력평가제 운영 기반 지원 방안_135 제1절 NEIS 및 ICDP 연계 운영 방안 137 제2절 직무능력표준이력서(가칭) 제시 및 도입 방안 161 제3절 시사점 177 제6장 결론 및 정책 제언_181 제1절 결론 183 제2절 정책 제언 188 SUMMARY_195 참고문헌_203 부 록_211 1. 설문지 213 2. 학교생활세부사항기록부 235 3. NCS 직무능력표준 이력서(가칭) 양식(안) 23