STUDI KEBIJAKAN LUAR NEGERI INDONESIA DAN PAKISTAN SEJARAH DAN PROSES PEMBUATAN

Indonesia and Pakistan as two most populous Muslim countries with their geo-strategic posi- tion have a very important role in international politics. Foreign policy of both Indonesia and Pa- kistan, thus, becomes an important issue to be studied. This artilce is a simple attempt to study the foreign policy of Indonesia and Pakistan. The study is set to answer two main questions; (1) what is the history of foreign folicy of Indonesia and Pakistan?; and (2) how is the process of fo- reign policy making in Indonesia and Pakistan? The study use primary and secundary sources of data such as press release, text speech of policy makers, official documents of government insti- tution, journals, books and online information (internet). The study revealed some important findings. First, that the history of Indonesian fo- reign policy has undergone three major phases namely foreign policy of old order era (1945- 1966), foreign policy of new order era (1966- 1998), and foreign policy in the aftermath of reformasi (1998-Onward). While the history of Pakistan foreign policy has undergone six ma- jor phases namely foreign policy in 1947-1954, foerign policy in 1954-1962, foreign policy in 1962-1971, foreign policy in 1971-1980, foreign policy in 1980-1990, and foreign policy in 1990-Onward. The study also revealed that foreign policy making process in both Indonesia and Pakistan is carried out in two ways; formal and non-formal