DETEKSI BIAS BUTIR DAN BIAS TES PADA SOAL MATEMATIKA UJIAN SEKOLAH DI SMP NEGERI 20 BULUKUMBA BERDASARKAN TEORI RESPON BUTIR

Abstract The objectives of the research were to discover (i) the characteristics of mathematics school exam at SMPN 20 Bulukumba reviewed from item biased (differential item functioning) based on items response theory; (ii) the characteristics of mathematics school exam at SMPN 20 Bulukumba reviewed from test biased (differential test functioning) based on items response theory. The research was explorative research to discover items and test biased based on items response theory. The subjects of the research were questions and all of the students’ answer sheets of class IX at SMPN 20 Bulukumba of 2013/2014 academic year. The subject of the research was taken by using purposive sampling technique and obtained 286 responses of the sttudents wichconsisted of 147 male and 149 female stuudents’ responses. The data of the research was collected by using documentation technique by quoting the response of mathematics school exam participants at SMPN 20 Bulukumba of 2013/2014 academic year. While the data analysis technique of the research was quantitative by using items response theory approach model 2P with Lord’s chi-square DIF method. In this case, the data analysis of the research covered two main elements, namely the detection of Differential Item Functioning (DIF) and Differential Test Functioning (DTF). The result of the research showed that from 40 qustion items which were analyzed theoretically by using items response theory reviewed from items biased (DIF) infected DIF gender was 10 items, and infected DIF location (area) was 13 items. Meanwhile, reviewing from test biased (DTF) was benefitted for female and least profitable to city people. Keywords : Differential Item Functioning (DIF), Differential Test Functioning (DTF), Item Response Theory