Conclusion: Diversity of origins and the emergence of minorities

The principal objective of the TeO survey was to explore the effects of origins on the lives of persons residing in France. In pursuit of this goal, over the chapters of this volume and across the themes explored in the survey, the contributors analysed whether individuals’ socioeconomic situations vary depending on whether or not they or their parents migrated to metropolitan France. While our analyses focus primarily on the “mean effect” of origins in order to shed light on possible discrimination, it is important to remember that the groups studied are very heterogeneous. Yet, crude as they may be, the groupings by origin used in the different chapters of this book are more detailed than those in other available statistical sources in France. They reveal specificities by origin that are sometimes very marked, and that until now have rarely been empirically demonstrated