International audienceThis paper deals with both the aesthetic and the thematic aspects of bringing together picture and shape. As an example, it focuses on Attic pyxides, using them to consider the methodological problems of reconstructing function and meaning of the painted vessels. The main question is what influence the projected use of the pot had on the choice and rendering of the subject depicted on it ? In a first step all archaeological evidence for the use of pyxides in ancient Athens is carefully considered. As a result the growing symbolical value of the decorated pyxides as wedding gifts during the 5th century BCE is obvious. In a second step changes in the repertoire of images on attic pyxides are observed. Whereas pyxides of ...