International audienceTaking into account the cultural diversity of emotions, this study considers the examples of tears and shivering (phrikê). It aims to confront Plato’s and Homer’s opposite conceptions. In the Republic, Plato examines the effects of poetry on listeners. He claims that descriptions of tears and scenes of fear affect the soul and make it warmer and softer; this process affects the virility. Poetry of lamentation should be left to women. Such a conception is in total contradiction with the Homeric poems, where hot tears (dakrua therma) are, as well as abundant tears, a sign of virility. In Homeric poetry, the hot tears are dangerous only for women. We must emphasize another opposition. Shivering does not have a warming eff...