Field insect pests of rice in Africa; biology and control

Insect pests are a major constraint in rice production in Africa and elsewhere. They perennially result in crop loss which may range from 30-100 %. Measures of control include cultural and biological control, host plant resistance, and chemical methods. Chemical control has several disadvantages. Integrated pest management combines advantages of the various control methods to arrive at environmentally sound control measure. A good insect control system requires knowledge of identity and bio-ecology of the pests and their natural enemies