Disease-specific knowledge and clinical skills required by community-based physiotherapists co-manage patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Objective: While strong evidence supports the role of physiotherapy in the co-management of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), it remains unclear what constitutes the essential disease-specific knowledge and clinical skills required by community-based physiotherapists to effectively and safely deliver recommended care. This study aimed to identify essential disease-specific knowledge and skills, link these with evidence from clinical guidelines, and broadly determine the professional development (PD) needs and confidence related to the management of RA among physiotherapists. Methods: An international Delphi panel of rheumatologists, physiotherapists, and consumers (n = 27) identified essential disease-specific knowledge and clinical skills over 3 rounds. Physiotherapy-relevant recommendations from high-quality, contemporary clinical guidelines were linked to Delphi responses. Finally, an e-survey of PD needs among registered physiotherapists (n = 285) was undertaken. Results: Overarching themes identified by the Delphi panel across the RA disease stages included the need for excellent communication, the importance of a multidisciplinary team and early referral, adoption of chronic disease management principles, and disease monitoring. Of the essential Delphi themes, 86.7% aligned with clinical guideline recommendations. Up to 77.5% of physiotherapists reported not being confident in managing patients with RA. Across the range of essential knowledge and skills themes, 45.1–93.5% and 71.1–95.2% of respondents, respectively, indicated they would benefit from or definitely need PD.Conclusion: To effectively manage RA, community-based physiotherapists require excellent communication skills and disease-specific knowledge, including understanding the role of the multidisciplinary team and the principles of early referral, chronic disease management, and monitoring. Physiotherapists identified a need for PD to develop these skills