Could blocking the formation of amyloid channels rescue Alzheimer's phenotype?

In a most simplified way, we can say that much of the symptomatology that characterizes Alzheimer's disease (AD) can be attributed to a cascade of toxic events initiated by the presence in the interstitial space of the brain of oligomers of the β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) peptide, a cleavage by-product of the Amyloid precursor protein (APP). Intuitively, it follows that the amyloid peptide is the ideal target to combat this disease. However, several anti-Aβ therapies failed in clinical trials devoted to find a treatment for AD. However, last year, the results of a clinical trial prompted back the interests in this type of therapy. In this issue of EMBO Molecular Medicine, Martinez Hernandez and colleagues present encouraging results showing that the diphenylpyrazole compound Anle138b prevents and reduces the toxic effects of Aβ in a mouse model of AD (APPPS1ΔE9). Regarding the mechanisms of action, they present good evidence that Anle138b prevents the formation of conducting Aβ pores on artificial membranes and primary hippocampal neurons. While the data are encouraging, AD mouse models only represent part of the AD pathology and clinical trials are needed to determine the usefulness of Anle138b to treat AD patients.Carlos Dotti is “Profesor de Investigación” from the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC). Francesc X. Guix is a postdoctoral researcher funded by an Individual Fellowship of the Marie‐Sklodowska Curie actions program in Horizon2020. CGD laboratory is supported by Innovation Ingenio‐Consolider grant CSD2010‐00045, Spanish Ministry of Science and Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness grants SAF2013‐45392 and SAF2016‐76722 and by a BBVA Foundation Award.Peer Reviewe