Communication in occupational therapy

Uvod: Novodobne metode zdravstvene oskrbe vedno bolj aktivno vključujejo uporabnika, s tem komunikacija v zdravstvu postaja vse bolj pomembna. Delo vključuje nepretrgano komunikacijo, ki v pogovoru z uporabnikom predstavlja več kot samo izmenjavo sporočil – je terapevtsko sredstvo. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil ugotoviti, v kakšni meri se zaposleni delovni terapevti poslužujejo uporabe terapevtske komunikacije, kakšne ovire se pojavljajo v komunikaciji med terapevti in uporabniki ter kako jih rešujejo. Raziskati komunikacijo v timih v katerih sodelujejo, vpliv komunikacije v timih na zadovoljstvo na delovnem mestu ter posledično na kakovost dela. Metode dela: Anketni vprašalnik je bil sestavljen iz trditev v več sklopih. Odgovori so bili izbirnega tipa (s stopnjevalno lestvico). Vzorčenje je bilo priložnostno, izvedeno po kriteriju dosegljivosti in pripravljenosti na sodelovanje. Vzorčenje je bilo tudi namensko, saj smo povezavo do spletnega anketnega vprašalnika poslali le zaposlenim delovnim terapevtom. Zbrali smo 93 veljavnih vprašalnikov. Rezultati: 78 anketirancev (83,87%) je na trditev: uporabljam terapevtsko komunikacijo (empatično poslušanje, zanesljivost, spoštovanje, terapevtski dotik idr.) odgovorilo, da to za njih ˝povsem drži˝, nihče ni odgovoril, da terapevtske komunikacije ne uporablja. 43 (46,24%) delovnih terapevtov navaja, da se pomanjkanje časa za pogovor ˝pogosto˝ pojavlja kot ovira v komunikaciji, 42 (45,16%) ˝včasih˝. 46 (49,46%) delovnih terapevtov je navedlo, da pri reševanju konfliktov ˝vedno˝ najprej poslušajo uporabnika in šele nato ukrepajo dalje, 41 (44,09%) jih tako ravna ˝pogosto˝. 57 (61,29%) delovnih terapevtov se ˝povsem strinja˝ s trditvijo, da je njihova komunikacija na delovnem mestu dobra, 35 (37,63%) se jih ˝delno strinja˝. Razprava in zaključek: Terapevtske komunikacije se delovni terapevti v veliki meri poslužujejo in jo znajo uporabljati. Iz tega sklepamo, da se naši anketiranci zelo dobro zavedajo njenega pomena. Komunikacija je za zdravljenje nekaterih problemov in bolečin lahko celo odločilnega pomena. Odnosi, komunikacija in pričakovanja zdravstvenega osebja statistično pomembno vplivajo na rezultat zdravstvene obravnave. Motnje v komunikaciji in konfliktne situacije zmanjšamo z ustvarjanjem dobrih odnosov in s senzibilnim ter kompetentnim vodenjem pogovora. Dobro je, da znamo v stikih z uporabniki presegati rutino, a je pri tem pomembno paziti, da ohranjamo profesionalno distanco. Rezultati dokazujejo, da stanje ni alarmantno, a za delovne terapevte mora biti nadgradnja na tem področju stalnica.Introduction: Present-day ways of health care increasingly integrate patients and with that communication in health care is getting more and more important. Health professions are including nonstop communication which is more than just exchanging information – it has therapeutic benefits. Purpose: Purpose of this diploma work was to find out to what extend are occupational therapists using therapeutic communication, what obstacles are they facing in communication between them and their patients, and how are these obstacles solved. To research communication in the work teams that they are cooperating with, effect of communication in the work teams on satisfaction in work place and finally on the work quality. Methods: Online questionnaire consisted of statements in more sections. Answers were selective type (increasing scale). Sampling was opportunity and accessibility based. It was performed on occupational therapist willing to cooperate so it was also purposely made. We collected 93 valid questionnaires. Results: On the statement: I use therapeutic communication (emphatic listening, reliability, respect, therapeutic touch, etc.) 78 (83,87%) of respondents answered that they agree with the statement completely. No one answered that therapeutic communication is not used. 43 of occupational therapists (46,24%) selected answer "often" on the statement: lack of time is an obstacle in communication with patients. 42 (45,16%) of occupational therapist selected answer "sometimes". 46 (49,46%) occupational therapists selected "always" as answer to the statement: When it comes to conflicts I first listen to the patient, then I act further. 41 (44,09%) selected answer "often". 57 (61,29%) of occupational therapists selected answer "I completely agree" on the statement: I am good in communicating at my work place. 35 (37,63%) of occupational therapists selected answer "I partly agree". Discussion and conclusion: Occupational therapists take a great use out of therapeutic communication. Out of our research we concluded that our respondents are very much aware of the importance of therapeutic communication. Communication has a big or sometimes crucial impact on the treatment. Attitude, communication and expectations from health team have statistically important impact on treatment result. Obstacles and conflicts in communication are decreased with building good relationships and with sensibly led conversation. It is good to exceed the routine but it is important that we also keep our professional distance. Results prove, that state is not alarming, but for occupational therapists, improvement on that field has to be regular